Phylogenetic relationships among Strobilanthes s.l. (Acanthaceae): evidence from ITS nrDNA, trnL-F cpDNA, and morphology

Chloroplast trnL-F sequence data, nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence data, and morphology were used to analyze phylogenetic relationships among members of the subtribe Strobilanthinae. Parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses of trnL-F indicate that the Strobilanthinae are...

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Published inAmerican journal of botany Vol. 91; no. 5; pp. 724 - 735
Main Authors Moylan, Elizabeth C, Bennett, Jonathan R, Carine, Mark A, Olmstead, Richard G, Scotland, Robert W
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Botanical Soc America 01.05.2004
Botanical Society of America
Botanical Society of America, Inc
Subjects
Biological taxonomies
Datasets
Evolution
Flowers & plants
Genera
Genetics
Hemigraphis
ITS
Java
maximum likelihood
Parsimony
Philippines
Phylogenetics
Phylogeny
Plant morphology
Plants
Sericocalyx
southern India
Stenosiphonium
Strobilanthes
Systematics
Taxa
trnL‐F
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Summary:Chloroplast trnL-F sequence data, nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence data, and morphology were used to analyze phylogenetic relationships among members of the subtribe Strobilanthinae. Parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses of trnL-F indicate that the Strobilanthinae are a monophyletic group. While parsimony analysis of ITS recovers a nonmonophyletic subtribe, maximum likelihood analysis of ITS corroborates results from trnL-F and suggests that systematic error is impacting on ITS parsimony analysis. A combined ITS and trnL-F analysis strengthens the signal and also recovers a monophyletic subtribe. All analyses indicate that Hemigraphis, Sericocalyx, and Strobilanthes are nonmonophyletic. With one exception, all morphological characters included in a combined ITS and morphological analysis are homoplastic. The prospect for a new informative generic classification of the Strobilanthinae aiming to recognize and diagnose only monophyletic groups is considered. While some groups can be diagnosed, adequate diagnosis of the majority of groups remains problematic. Consequently, a single expanded genus Strobilanthes sensu lato is proposed at the level of the well-supported and monophyletic Strobilanthinae.
Bibliography:E‐mail
The authors thank Paul Beardsley, Mark Chase, Tony Cox, Susan Grose, Steven Harris, Jill Harrison, Lola Lledó, Pat Reeves, Julian Robinson, Saša Stefanović, and Julian Starr for advice; and Alan Paton, the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), the director and staff of Herbarium Bogoriense, and the herbaria at Leiden (L) and Copenhagen (C) for providing plant material.
elizabeth.moylan@plants.ox.ac.uk
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ISSN:0002-9122
1537-2197
DOI:10.3732/ajb.91.5.724