Cisplatin neurotoxicity presenting as reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome

• Published in: American journal of neuroradiology : AJNR Vol. 19; no. 3; pp. 415 - 417
• Main Authors: Ito, Y, Arahata, Y, Goto, Y, Hirayama, M, Nagamutsu, M, Yasuda, T, Yanagi, T, Sobue, G
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oak Brook, IL Am Soc Neuroradiology 01.03.1998; American Society of Neuroradiology
• Subjects: Aged; Antineoplastic Agents - adverse effects; Biological and medical sciences; Brain Diseases - chemically induced; Brain Diseases - diagnosis; Case Reports; Cisplatin - adverse effects; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug toxicity and drugs side effects treatment; Humans; Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal - diagnosis; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Medical sciences; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Toxicity: nervous system and muscle; Antineoplastic agent; Human; Nervous system diseases; Toxicity; Diseases of the osteoarticular system; Male; Malignant tumor; Cisplatin; Cerebral disorder; Case study; Chemotherapy; Treatment; Osteosarcoma; Central nervous system disease; Posterior; Reversibility; Bone; Platinum II Complexes
• ISSN: 0195-6108; 1936-959X

Visual disturbance, hypertension, convulsions, and unconsciousness developed in a 70-year-old man after cisplatin chemotherapy and upper-limb amputation for osteosarcoma. MR imaging revealed bilateral reversible abnormalities in the occipital, parietal, and frontal white matter. Clinical and neuroradiologic features corresponded to reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS), which some immunosuppressive and chemotherapeutic drugs have been reported to trigger. Cisplatin may be among these drugs. Our patient also had hypomagnesemia, which may have figured in the pathophysiology.