Invasion Front-specific Overexpression of Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 in Liver Metastases from Colorectal Cancer

• Published in: Anticancer research Vol. 28; no. 3A; pp. 1459 - 1465
• Main Authors: KAHLERT, C, BANDAPALLI, O. R, SCHIRMACHER, P, WEITZ, J, BRAND, K
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Attiki International Institute of Anticancer Research 01.05.2008
• Subjects: Biological and medical sciences; Colorectal Neoplasms - enzymology; Colorectal Neoplasms - genetics; Colorectal Neoplasms - metabolism; Colorectal Neoplasms - pathology; Female; Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Isoenzymes; Liver Neoplasms - enzymology; Liver Neoplasms - genetics; Liver Neoplasms - metabolism; Liver Neoplasms - secondary; Liver. Biliary tract. Portal circulation. Exocrine pancreas; Male; Medical sciences; Metalloproteases - biosynthesis; Metalloproteases - genetics; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Invasiveness; RNA, Messenger - biosynthesis; RNA, Messenger - genetics; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 - biosynthesis; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 - genetics; Tumors; Up-Regulation; Rectal disease; Enzyme; Colorectal cancer; Tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase 1; Colorectal cancer liver metastasis; Tissue specificity; Gene overexpression; Hepatic disease; Metalloendopeptidases; Malignant tumor; Invasion; Colonic disease; Peptidases; Liver cancer; Cancerology; Hydrolases; Digestive diseases; Intestinal disease; TIMP expression; MMP expression; Liver metastasis; Cancer
• ISSN: 0250-7005; 1791-7530

Background: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors, the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), have been implicated in invasion and metastasis. The distribution of MMPs and TIMPs in the invasion front of liver metastases from colorectal cancer were investigated in order to understand their potential role in invasiveness. Materials and Methods: Freshly frozen material of colorectal metastases of the liver was microdissected into four separate compartments, namely pure liver, liver invasion, tumour invasion and pure tumour. RNA was isolated and analyzed on Affymetrix microarrays. Expression of TIMP-1 was confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 10 colorectal liver metastases. Cellular localisation of TIMP-1 was examined by immunohistochemistry. Results: Affymetrix microarray data revealed that several MMP and TIMP genes including MMP-2, -3, -7, -9, -11, -12, -14, -15, -16, -19 and -24, and TIMP-1, -2 and -3 were generally up-regulated in both invasion front compartments. Among these genes, TIMP-1 showed the highest expression. The qPCR results indicated an average 15-fold up-regulation of TIMP-1 in the liver invasive front and an average 13-fold up-regulation in the tumor invasive front, each compared to normal liver tissue. Immunohistochemistry revealed expression of TIMP-1 in tumour epithelia as well as in host tissue cells, including fibroblastic cells. Conclusion: Our data indicate that tumour invasion in colorectal liver metastasis is associated with increased TIMP-1 RNA and protein levels in both tumour and host cells.