Placement of an Expandable Metallic Stent Improves the Efficacy of Chemoradiotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer with Malignant Portal Vein Stenosis or Obstruction

• Published in: Anticancer research Vol. 29; no. 8; pp. 3329 - 3335
• Main Authors: NIO, Yoshinori, IGUCHI, Chikage, ENDO, Shin-Ichiro, ITAKURA, Masayuki, NISHI, Takeshi, HASHIMOTO, Koji, TAKEDA, Hiroshi, TAKAMURA, Michio, OMORI, Hiroshi, SATO, Yoshitoshi, KOIKE, Makoto
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Attiki International Institute of Anticancer Research 01.08.2009
• Subjects: Administration, Oral; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - therapeutic use; Biological and medical sciences; Combined Modality Therapy; Constriction, Pathologic; Cyclophosphamide - administration & dosage; Deoxycytidine - administration & dosage; Deoxycytidine - analogs & derivatives; Female; Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen; Humans; Hypertension, Portal - etiology; Hypertension, Portal - therapy; Liver Diseases - etiology; Liver Diseases - therapy; Liver. Biliary tract. Portal circulation. Exocrine pancreas; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - therapy; Neoplasm Staging; Pancreatic Neoplasms - complications; Pancreatic Neoplasms - pathology; Pancreatic Neoplasms - therapy; Prognosis; Radiotherapy Dosage; Stents; Survival Rate; Tegafur - administration & dosage; Treatment Outcome; Tumors; Uracil - administration & dosage; metallic stent; Treatment efficiency; Instrumentation therapy; Metal; Malignant tumor; Chemoradiotherapy; Obstruction; Stent; pancreatic cancer; Cancerology; Pancreas cancer; Digestive diseases; Malignant portal vein stenosis; Portal vein; Vein stenosis; Cancer; Pancreatic disease
• ISSN: 0250-7005; 1791-7530

Background: Advanced or recurrent pancreatic cancer can sometimes cause obstruction or stenosis of the portal vein (PV), resulting in various symptoms of portal hypertension (PH), such as ascites, pancytopenia, hemorrhagic tendencies and liver dysfunction. We placed an expandable metallic stent into the PV to improve PH-associated complications and liver function. The placement of the PV stent was beneficial for administering chemotherapeutic agents and radiotherapy (RT) safely, and resulted in an improved response rate (RR) and survival. Patients and Methods: In the present study, 14 patients with malignant portal obstruction due to advanced or recurrent pancreatic cancer received PV stent placement to manage their PH-associated symptoms. After a mini-laparotomy at the ileocecal region, the ileocecal vein was cut and an expandable metallic stent (6-8 mm in diameter and 6-8 cm in length) was inserted into the PV under image roentgenography. After placement of the PV stent, the patients received anti-coagulation treatment with heparin and biaspirin for 1-3 months. All patients received chemotherapy with UFT, cyclophosphamide (CPA) and gemcitabine (GEM), and 11 patients also received RT. Results: The RR was 43% (3 complete (CR), 3 partial (PR), 3 stable disease (SD), and 5 progressive disease (PD)), and the mean survival times (MST) after the initiation of therapy or placement of the PV-stent were 12.6 and 9.5 months, respectively, while the 1-year survival rates were 54.5% and 35.1%, respectively. In the 3 CR patients, 2 died of carcinomatous ascites 13 and 21 months later, and 1 is still disease free. In the PR and SD patients, pain and PH-associated symptoms such as ascites and hyperglycemia were also improved. Conclusion: The placement of a PV stent is beneficial for improving PH-associated symptoms as well as facilitating chemo-RT and the efficacy of therapy.