Predictors of Serum Selenium in Cigarette Smokers and the Lack of Association with Lung and Prostate Cancer Risk

• Published in: Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention Vol. 10; no. 10; pp. 1069 - 1076
• Main Authors: GOODMAN, Gary E, SCHAFFER, Steve, BANKSON, Daniel D, HUGHES, Martin P, OMENN, Gilbert S
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Philadelphia, PA American Association for Cancer Research 01.10.2001
• Subjects: Age Distribution; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Biological and medical sciences; Biomarkers, Tumor - analysis; Case-Control Studies; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Incidence; Logistic Models; Lung Neoplasms - blood; Lung Neoplasms - epidemiology; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Nephrology. Urinary tract diseases; Pneumology; Predictive Value of Tests; Probability; Prostatic Neoplasms - blood; Prostatic Neoplasms - epidemiology; Reference Values; Risk Factors; Selenium - blood; Selenium - metabolism; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sex Distribution; Smoking - adverse effects; Tumors of the respiratory system and mediastinum; Tumors of the urinary system; Urinary tract. Prostate gland; United States; North America; America; Human; Lung disease; Respiratory disease; Tobacco smoking; Malignant tumor; Epidemiology; Bronchopulmonary; Risk factor; Bronchus disease; Serum; Trace element (nutrient); Selenium; Prostate; Public health
• ISSN: 1055-9965; 1538-7755

Epidemiological studies have suggested that low levels of selenium are associated with a higher incidence of both lung and prostate cancer. We analyzed the selenium serum concentration in 356 Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial (CARET) participants who later developed lung cancer and 356 matched controls and in 235 prostate cancer cases and 456 matched controls. Serum samples were obtained a mean of 4.7 years before diagnosis for both tumor types. Controls were matched to cases by year of randomization, age, smoking status, treatment arm, exposure population (asbestos workers or cigarette smokers), and year of blood draw. In the control population ( n = 820), significant predictors of low serum selenium concentration were current smoking status and East Coast locations of the study center. Overall, there was no significant difference in mean serum selenium in lung cancer cases versus controls (11.91 μg/dl versus 11.77 μg/dl) or prostate cancer cases versus controls (11.48 μg/dl versus 11.43 μg/dl). No statistically significant trend in odds ratio was seen across quartiles of serum selenium for lung cancer ( P = 0.49) or prostate cancer ( P = 0.69). In a subpopulation of 174 prostate cancer patients who had clinical and pathological staging material reviewed, there was no association between serum selenium and Gleason score or clinical or pathological stage. In the CARET population of current and former smokers consuming an ad libitum diet, the serum concentration of selenium was not a risk factor for either lung cancer or prostate cancer.