A fast and reliable method to quantify neral and geranial (citral) in essential oils using 1H NMR spectroscopy

Citral (3,7‐dimethyl‐2,6‐octadienal), a mixture of geranial and neral (two stereoisomeric monoterpene aldehydes), is considered an important raw material in the fields of fragrance, pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries. It is a well‐known biologically active compound present in various essen...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inFlavour and fragrance journal Vol. 38; no. 6; pp. 476 - 482
Main Authors Paoli, Mathieu, Maroselli, Thomas, Casanova, Joseph, Bighelli, Ange
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Chichester Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.11.2023
Wiley
Subjects
Aldehydes
Analytical chemistry
Anisole
Bioactive compounds
Biological activity
Chemical Sciences
Citral
Essential oils
Experimental methods
flavor
Food industry
Geranial
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Mixtures
Monoterpenes
Neral
NMR
NMR spectroscopy
Nuclear magnetic resonance
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
odors
Oils & fats
Raw materials
Spectroscopy
Spectrum analysis
Zingiber officinale
citral
citral essential oils quantitative determination
essential oils
quantitative determination
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

More Information
Summary:Citral (3,7‐dimethyl‐2,6‐octadienal), a mixture of geranial and neral (two stereoisomeric monoterpene aldehydes), is considered an important raw material in the fields of fragrance, pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries. It is a well‐known biologically active compound present in various essential oils. A fast and reliable experimental method was developed and validated in order to quantify citral in essential oils using 1H NMR spectroscopy (experiment time at the minute level). The quantitative procedure, using anisole as internal standard, showed a perfect linearity of measurements (R2 = 0.9999), a very good accuracy (relative errors comprised between −1.9% and 0.3%) and an excellent precision (reproducibility 17.8 mg ± 1.0%). The procedure was also checked with three mixtures of weighted monoterpenes and the contents of citral, measured by GC and 1H NMR, were absolutely comparable. Then, the method was successfully applied to measure the contents of citral in 10 commercially available essential oils. Among the investigated samples, citral varied from 2.9% (Zingiber officinalis) to 90.6% (Bakhousia citriodora).
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
content type line 23
ISSN:0882-5734
1099-1026
DOI:10.1002/ffj.3760