ganglioside and phosphatidylethanolamine-containing lipids are adipose tissue markers of insulin resistance in obese women

AIMS: The association between central obesity and insulin resistance reflects the properties of visceral adipose tissue. Our aim was to gain further insight into this association by analysing the lipid composition of subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue in obese women with and without insulin res...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inInternational Journal of Obesity p. 706
Main Authors Wentworth, J.M, Naselli, G, Ngui, K, Smyth, G.K, Liu, R, O'Brien, P.E, Bruce, C, Weir, J, Cinel, M, Meikle, P.J, Harrison, L.C
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Nature Publishing Group 01.04.2016
Subjects
Adipose tissues
Analysis
Health aspects
Insulin resistance
Obesity
Overweight persons
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Summary:AIMS: The association between central obesity and insulin resistance reflects the properties of visceral adipose tissue. Our aim was to gain further insight into this association by analysing the lipid composition of subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue in obese women with and without insulin resistance. METHODS: Subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue and serum were obtained from 29 obese non-diabetic women, 13 of whom were hyperinsulinemic. Histology, lipid and gene profiling were performed. RESULTS: In omental adipose tissue of obese, insulin-resistant women, adipocyte hypertrophy and macrophage infiltration were accompanied by an increase in [G.sub.M3] ganglioside and its synthesis enzyme ST3GAL5; in addition, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) lipids were increased and their degradation enzyme, phosphatidylethanolamine methyl transferase (PEMT), decreased. ST3GAL5 was expressed predominantly in adipose stromovascular cells and PEMT in adipocytes. Insulin resistance was also associated with an increase in PE lipids in serum. INTERPRETATION: The relevance of these findings to insulin resistance in humans is supported by published mouse studies, in which adipocyte [G.sub.M3] ganglioside, increased by the inflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor-a, impaired insulin action and PEMT was required for adipocyte lipid storage. Thus in visceral adipose tissue of obese humans, an increase in [G.sub.M3] ganglioside secondary to inflammation may contribute to insulin resistance and a decrease in PEMT may be a compensatory response to adipocyte hypertrophy. International Journal of Obesity (2016) 40, 706-713; doi: 10.1038/ijo.2015.223
ISSN:0307-0565
1476-5497
DOI:10.1038/ijo.2015.223