Location, distribution, and quantification of myenteric plexus neurons of the jejunum of quails fed with different levels of commercial Macleaya cordata extract/Localizacao, distribuicao e quantificacao dos neuronios do plexo mioenterico do jejuno de codornas de postura alimentadas com diferentes inclusoes do extrato comercial de Macleaya cordata

Coturniculture has been promising, progressing from a subsistence to a technical activity due to its quick production, low breeding investment, and rapid economic return. After the restriction of antimicrobials as growth promoters, some studies aimed to evaluate alternative products that would make...

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Published inCiência rural Vol. 51; no. 11; p. 1
Main Authors Amaral, Patricia Franco Goncalves Previato do, Alves Trindade, Wesley, Montanhini Favetta, Paula, Geronimo, Edson, Silva Caetano, Isabel Cristina da, Serenini, Grazielli de Fatima, Palin, Gustavo Costardi, Urano, Tatiana Kaori, Morais Oliveira, Jean Marcos de, Almeida Reati, Lucas de, Pereira Dias, Jaciele Caroline, Kazue Otutumi, Luciana, Assuncao Soares, Andreia, Melo Germano, Ricardo de
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Universidade Federal de Santa Maria 01.11.2021
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Summary:Coturniculture has been promising, progressing from a subsistence to a technical activity due to its quick production, low breeding investment, and rapid economic return. After the restriction of antimicrobials as growth promoters, some studies aimed to evaluate alternative products that would make the farming of healthy birds viable without impacting their performance, with commercial Macleaya cordata extract being one of these substitutes. The functions of the gastrointestinal tract are coordinated mainly by the enteric nervous system, and the myenteric plexus is responsible for the reflex control of contractile activities of the external muscles. Thus, this study located and demonstrated the distribution of the myenteric plexus, quantifing the total population of myenteric neurons (Giemsa+) and the subpopulation of myenteric nitrergic neurons (NADPH-d+), and evaluated the effects of commercial Macleaya cordata extract on these populations of quail jejunum neurons. A total of 240 one-day-old female laying quails were distributed into four treatments, with four repetitions of 15 birds each. The test groups ([T.sub.1, [T.sub.2], and [T.sub.3] were treated with commercial Macleaya cordata extract throughout the experimental period using the following doses: [T.sub.1] - test group, basal diet added with 150 ppm of the extract in the feed; [T.sub.2]- test group, basal diet added withlOO ppm of the extract in the feed; [T.sub.3] - test group, basal diet added with 50 ppm of the extract in the feed; and T4 - control group, basal diet with no added extract. The study included histological analysis, Giemsa+, and NADPH-d+ myenteric neuron staining. The results showed that the myenteric plexus is located between longitudinal layer fibers and in the transition region between the longitudinal and circular layers of the muscular tunic, with the myenteric population organized into ganglia and isolated in the region of neuronal fiber bundles. The commercial Macleaya cordata extract showed no quantitative changes in the myenteric Giemsa+ population and myenteric NADPH-d+ subpopulation, however, the groups that consumed the extract showed greater NADPH-d+ neuron activity compared to the control group, implying that the food remained longer in the intestinal lumen, therefore, enabling greater nutrient use and resulting in increased productive performance. Key words: benzophenanthridine and protopine alkaloids, Coturnix coturnix japonica, enteric nervous system, Sangrovit. A coturnicultura tern apresentado caracteristicaspromissoras, deixando de ser uma atividade de subsistencia e ocupando patamares tecnificados devido a sua precocidade produtiva, baixo investimento de criagao e rapido retorno economico. A partir da restrigao da utilizagao de antimicrobianos comopromotores de crescimento, estudosforam direcionados com o objetivo de se avaliar produtos alternativos que viabilizassem a criagao de aves saudaveis, sem comprometer seu desempenho, sendo o extrato comercial da Macleaya cordata um destes substitutos. As fungoes do trato gastrintestinal sao coordenadas principalmente pelo sistema nervoso enterico, sendo o plexo mioenterico responsavel pelo controle reflexo das atividades contrateis da musculatura externa. Desta forma, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo localizar e demonstrar a distribuigao do plexo mioenterico, quantificar a populagao total de neuronios mioentericos (Giemsa+), e a subpopulagao de neuronios mioentericos nitrergicos (NADPH-d+), alem de avaliar os efeitos do extrato comercial da Macleaya cordata sobre estas populagoes de neuronios do jejuno de codornas. Foram alojadas 240 codornas de postura, femeas, com um dia de idade, distribuidas aleatoriamente em quatro tratamentos, com quatro repetigoes de 15 aves cada. Os grupos testes ([T.sub.1], [T.sub.2] e [T.sub.3]) foram tratados com extrato comercial de Macleaya cordata durante todo operiodo experimental conforme as doses indicadas, sendo: [T.sub.1] - grupo teste, com dieta basal adicionada de 150 ppm do extrato na ragao; [T.sub.2] - grupo teste, com dieta basal adicionada de 100 ppm do extrato na ragao; [T.sub.3] - grupo teste, com dieta basal adicionada de 50 ppm do extrato na ragao, e [T.sub.4] - grupo controle, com dieta basal isenta do extrato. Foram realizadas andlise histologica e a marcagao dos neuronios mioentericos Giemsa+ eNADPH-d+. Os resultados demonstraram que o plexo mioenterico estd localizado entre asfibras do estrato longitudinal, e na regiao de transigao entre os estratos longitudinal e circular da tunica muscular, estando a populagao mioenterica organizada em ganglios, e tambem isoladamente na regiao dos feixes dasfibras neuronais. O extrato comercial da Macleaya cordata nao alterou quantitativamente os neuronios da populagao mioenterica Giemsa+ e da subpopulagao mioenterica NADPH-d+, mas os grupos que consumiram o extrato apresentaram maior atividade dos neuronios NADPH-d+ em relagao ao grupo controle, permitindo inferir que o alimento permaneceu maior tempo no lumen intestinal e, portanto, possibilitou um maior aproveitamento dos nutrientes, podendo refletir em melhor desempenho produtivo. Palavras-chave: alcaloides da benzofenantridina e protopina, Coturnix coturnix japonica. Sangrovit, sistema nervoso enterico.
ISSN:0103-8478
1678-4596
DOI:10.1590/0103-8478cr20200844