Studies on wooden constructions in Kaunas/Medzio konstrukciju studijos kaune

• Published in: Evolution of science and technology Vol. 4; no. 2; p. 112
• Main Authors: Bistrickaite, Reda, ValerijusM, Keras
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Taylor & Francis Ltd 01.12.2012
• Subjects: Building, Wooden; History; Lithuania
• ISSN: 2029-2430
• DOI: 10.3846/est.2012.09

The prepared publication is intended for the initial systematization of the experience of applying wooden constructions in Lithuania. The paper deals with research conducted by the experts in the field from other countries. This part of material cultural heritage in Lithuania has been first introduced by the scholars from Scandinavia, Germany, Russia and partly Poland--the countries representing notable achievements looking into cultural and economic history. The produced works mainly focus on the forms of wooden constructions, the original decoration of different parts of the building, the plasticity of details, style and colours. Scant attention has been paid to structural solutions. More sophisticated and interesting wooden constructions of the local buildings (bridges, churches, synagogues, manors, etc.) were seriously deteriorated or possibly fictitious. The majority of analogical constructions found in the neighbouring countries were described earlier. Later, these investigations were properly completed by the graduates studying in Lithuania. However, they had to be thoroughly trained to become professionals. For this purpose, advanced study programs and first course books in Lithuanian were prepared. From a historical point of view, for the future, gained experience in overcoming earlier backwardness within a short period of time and intercepting valuable elements of European experience are the issues worth paying attention. This is the way of how young and promising graduates were trained. They were good enough at proceeding with works started by their teachers. In the post-war period, a large number of them became emigrants or exiles and lost the possibility of carrying on their works in Lithuania. A. Bistrickas, J. Paulauskas and other graduates from Vytautas Magnus University are those deserved for their significant accomplishments in the field of wooden constructions. They were also the teachers of several following generations of the future engineers. Algirdas Baltrusaitis, one of the graduates from Vytautas Magnus University started developing intensively a new stage in the field of wooden constructions and was probably the first associated professor of Kaunas University of Technology (former Kaunas Polytechnic Institute) who participated in the international conferences and suggested in-depth research on the development of wooden constructions. The introduced publication has been prepared with reference to his anniversary. Keywords: wood, constructions, studies, design practice, research, history. Teikiama publikacija atspindi pradinius bandymus susisteminti mediniu konstrukciju taikymo Lietuvos statybose patirti. Palieciami ir jai skirti tyrimai kitose salyse. I sia Lietuvos materialines kulturos palikimo dali pirmiau atkreipe demesi kulturos ir ukio istorijos tyrimu srityje daugiau pasiekusiu saliu--Vokietijos, Rusijos, is dalies Lenkijos, Skandinavu ir kiti intelektualai. Ju darbuose daugiau vietos buvo skirta medzio statiniu formoms, ivairiu statinio daliu originaliai puosybai. Aprasyta detaliu formu plastika, stilistika, koloristika. Gerokai maziau dometasi konstrukciniais sprendimais. Idomesniu vietiniu statiniu medzio konstrukcijos (tiltu, baznyciu, sinagogu, dvaru ir kitos) buvo jau gana sunykusios arba neautentiskos. Daugelio konstrukciju analogu pakankamai buvo ir kaimyniniuose krastuose. Todel jos jau anksciau aprasytos. Veliau siuos tyrimus tinkamai papilde Lietuvoje studijave absolventai. Taciau juos reikejo tam paruosti. Tam buvo sudarytos gana pazangios studiju programos, parasyti pirmieji vadoveliai lietuviu kalba. Ateiciai ir istoriniu poziuriu yra verta demesio patirtis, leidusi per trumpa tarpukario laikotarpi iveikti buvusi atsilikima, perimti vertingesnius Europos patirties elementus. Taip buvo parengti jauni, veiklus absolventai. Jie pakankamai gerai pratese darbus, kuriuos tarpukario metais buvo pradeje ju destytojai. Pokariu dauguma ju tape emigrantais ar tremtiniais nebegalejo testi darbu Lietuvoje. Su pagarba minetini A. Bistrickas, J. Paulauskas ir kiti Vytauto Didziojo universiteto aukletiniai, nuveike nemazai reiksmingu darbu, taip pat ir mediniu konstrukciju studiju raidos labui, isugde kelias inzinieriu kartas. Nauja mediniu konstrukciju raidos etapa emesi energingai pletoti VDU absolventu aukletinis Algirdas Baltrusaitis, galbut pirmasis KPI--KTU docentas, dalyvaves tarptautinese konferencijose medzio konstrukciju tobulinimo klausimais, pateikes solidziu pranesimu. Teikiama publikacija yra parengta paminint jo jubilieju. Reiksminiai zodziai: medis, konstrukcijos, studijos, projektavimo praktika, tyrimai, istorija.