Natural egg parasitism of Chrysopids/Parasitismo natural em ovos crisopideos
Most predators, in general, have generalist habits and can be used as biological control agents in several crops. Predator survival is affected by several factors, such as occurrence of parasitoids. The main purpose of this research was to identify the parasitoids of chrysopids, especially egg paras...
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Published in | Ciência rural Vol. 39; no. 1; p. 221 |
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Main Author | |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | Portuguese |
Published |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
01.01.2009
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Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Most predators, in general, have generalist habits and can be used as biological control agents in several crops. Predator survival is affected by several factors, such as occurrence of parasitoids. The main purpose of this research was to identify the parasitoids of chrysopids, especially egg parasitoids and their level of parasitism. The samples were taken in a sweet-corn field at Embrapa Hortalicas from September/1997 to February/1998. The chrysopids eggs were collected weekly and then individualized in gelatine capsules until larval or parasitoid emergency. A total of 800 eggs were collected. The predator emerged from 71% of the eggs, 9% were inviable eggs and the other 20% were parasitized by six species of microhymenopterans. Among these, 57% were parasitized by Telenomus sp. (Scelionidae), 32% were parasitized by Trichogramma pretiosum (Trichogrammatidae), 6% by Oencyrtus chrysopae Crawford (Encyrtidae) and 5% by Aprostocetus sp. (Eulophidae). Key words: vegetables, parasitoids, biological control, predator. Os predadores, em geral, apresentam habitos generalistas e por isso podem ser usados em programas de controle biologico, em diferentes agroecossistemas. A sobrevivencia dos predadores e afetada por diversos fatores, como, por exemplo, a presenca de parasitoides. Este trabalho foi conduzido com os objetivos de identificar os parasitoides de crisopideos, especialmente os parasitoides de ovos, e determinar o nivel de parasitismo natural. As amostragens foram feitas na Embrapa Hortalicas, em campos de milho-doce, de setembro/ 1997 a fevereiro/1998. Os ovos de crisopideos foram coletados semanalmente, sendo individualizados em capsulas de gelatina ate a emergencia da larva e/ou do parasitoide. Foram coletados 800 ovos de crisopideos, sendo que em 71% dos ovos, as larvas sobreviveram; 9% dos ovos foram considerados inviaveis e 20% foram parasitados por seis especies de microhimenopteros. Destes, 57% foram parasitados por Telenomus sp. (Scelionidae), 32% por Trichogramma pretiosum (Trichogrammatidae), 6% por Oencyrtus chrysopae Crawford (Encyrtidae) e 5% por Aprostocetus sp. (Eulophidae). Palavras-chave: hortalicas, parasitoide, controle biologico, predador. |
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ISSN: | 0103-8478 1678-4596 |