GC/MS Analysis of Alkaloids in Galanthus fosteri Baker and Determination of Its Anticholinesterase Activity/Galanthus fosteri Baker'da Alkaloitlerin GC/MS Analizi ve Antikolinesteraz Aktivitesinin Belirlenmesi

• Published in: Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol. 17; no. 1; p. 36
• Main Authors: Emir, Ahmet, Emir, Ceren, Bozkurt, Buket, Unver Somer, Nehir
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Galenos Yayinevi Tic. Ltd 01.02.2020
• Subjects: Alkaloids; Alzheimer's disease; Analysis; Care and treatment; Chromatography; Diseases; Gas chromatography; Marketing; Mass spectrometry; Scientific equipment industry; Spectroscopy; Time; United States
• ISSN: 1304-530X
• DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2018.26056

Objectives: Amaryllidaceae alkaloids are well known for their wide range of pharmacological activities. Galanthamine, an Amaryllidaceae alkaloid, is an effective, selective, reversible, and competitive cholinesterase inhibitor marketed under different commercial names in several countries for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The aim of this work was to study the alkaloid profiles of the aerial parts and bulbs of both flowering and fruiting periods of Galanthus fosteri Baker (Amaryllidaceae), as well as analyzing their inhibitory activities on both acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) for the first time. Materials and Methods: The alkaloid profiles of the four samples were determined by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and AChE and BuChE inhibition assays were performed by the modified Ellman method. Results: Totally, 22 compounds with mass spectral characteristics of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids were detected in the extracts. Significant AChE and BuChE inhibitory activities were observed in the tested samples ([IC.sub.50] between 0.189 and 91.23 [micro]g/mL). Conclusion: This study shows that G. fosteri, collected from Akdag, Amasya (Turkey), is a potential source of diverse chemical structures of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids with cholinesterase inhibitory properties. Key words: Galanthus fosteri, Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, anticholinesterase activity Amac: Amaryllidaceae alkaloitleri genis yelpazedeki farmakolojik aktiviteleriyle iyi bilinmektedir. Bir Amaryllidaceae alkaloidi olan Galantamin, Alzheimer hastaliginin tedavisi icin cesitli ulkelerde farkli ticari isimler altinda pazarlanan etkili, secici, geri donusumlu ve kompetitif kolinesteraz inhibitorudur. Bu calisma, ilk kez Galanthus fosteri Baker'in (Amaryllidaceae), hem cicekli hem de meyveli donemlerinin toprak ustu ve soganlarinin alkaloit profilini incelemenin yani sira hem asetilkolinesteraz (AChE) hem de butirilkolinesteraz (BuChE) uzerindeki inhibitor aktivitelerini analiz etmeyi amaclamistir. Gerec ve Yontemler: Dort ornegin alkaloit profilleri gaz kromatografisi-kutle spektrometrisi ile belirlendi ve AChE ve BuChE inhibisyon analizleri modifiye Ellman yontemi ile yapilmistir. Bulgular: Ekstrelerde Amaryllidaceae alkaloitlerinin kutle spektral ozellikleri olan toplam yirmi iki bilesik tespit edilmistir. Test edilen orneklerde belirgin sekilde AChE ve BuChE inhibitor aktiviteler gozlenmistir (IC50 0,189 ile 91,23 [micro]g/mL arasinda). Sonuc: Bu calisma, Amasya Akdag'dan (Turkiye) toplanan G. fosteri'nin kolinesteraz inhibitor ozelligine sahip cesitli kimyasal yapidaki Amaryllidaceae alkaloitlerinin kaynagi olma potansiyeline sahip oldugunu gostermistir. Anahtar kelimeler: Galanthus fosteri, Amaryllidaceae alkaloitleri, antikolinesteraz aktivite