Hydraulic performance of drippers with different waters and lateral line slopes/Desempenho hidraulico de gotejadores com diferentes aguas e declividades da linha lateral

The operation of drip lateral lines is affected by the topography of the irrigated area and represent, depending on the type of water applied, changes in the discharge characteristics of the emitters. The research had as objective to evaluate the hydraulic performance of built-in labyrinth drippers,...

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Published inRevista brasileira de engenharia agrícola e ambiental Vol. 22; no. 12; p. 813
Main Authors Szekut, Flavio D, de Azevedo, Carlos A.V, Boas, Marcio A.V, Zuculotto, Thiago
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published ATECEL--Associacao Tecnico Cientifica Ernesto Luiz de Oliveira Junior 01.12.2018
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Summary:The operation of drip lateral lines is affected by the topography of the irrigated area and represent, depending on the type of water applied, changes in the discharge characteristics of the emitters. The research had as objective to evaluate the hydraulic performance of built-in labyrinth drippers, non-pressure compensating, with different waters and slopes of the lateral lines. The experiment was carried out on a test bench and consisted of a randomized block design with split-plots: first factor with four types of water, representing the plots: clean water, water with fertilizers, cassava starch wastewater and poultry slaughterhouse wastewater; second factor with slopes of the lateral line, constituting the sub-plots: upslope, level and downslope. The experimental statistics consisted of analysis of variance with subsequent simple-effect analysis and Tukey test at 0.05 probability level to compare the means of dripper flow rates. Quality control statistics was performed using Shewhart's control charts with interpretations based on upper and lower control limits, as well as non-random pattern recognition. Waters of inferior quality modified the flow rates of the tested drippers regardless of the variation of internal pressure caused by the slope of the lateral line. Water with fertilizer (300 mg [L.sup.-1]) obtained the best conditions of temporal irrigation quality verified by the control charts. Irrigation with poultry slaughterhouse wastewater obtained the same flow rates in all slopes. Cassava starch wastewater caused the lowest flow rates among all the waters. Key words: fertigation Shewhart's control charts labyrinth drippers O funcionamento das linhas laterais gotejadoras e afetado pela topografia da area irrigada e representam, dependendo do tipo de agua aplicada, mudancas nas caracteristicas de descarga dos emissores. A pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho hidraulico de gotejadores integrados do tipo labirinto nao autocompensantes com diferentes aguas e declividades das linhas laterais. O experimento foi realizado em bancada de testes e consistiu em delineamento em blocos casualizados com parcelas subdivididas, sendo o primeiro fator com quatro tipos de agua, representado pelas parcelas: agua limpa, agua com fertilizante, efluente de fecularia e efluente de abatedouro de aves; e o segundo fator pelas declividades da linha lateral, constituido pelas subparcelas: em aclive, em nivel e declive. A estatistica experimental se constitui em uma analise de variancia com posterior desdobramento da interacao e teste Tukey a 5% de probabilidade para comparacao das medias das vazoes. Foi realizada a estatistica de controle de qualidade por meio dos graficos de controle de Shewhart x com interpretacoes baseadas nos limites de controle superior e inferior, e reconhecimento de padroes nao aleatorios. Os resultados mostram que as aguas com qualidade inferior modificam as vazoes dos gotejadores independentemente da variacao de pressao interna causada pela declividade. A agua com fertilizante (300 mg [L.sup.-1]) obteve as melhores condicoes de qualidade de irrigacao temporal verificadas pelos graficos de controle. A irrigacao com efluente de abatedouro de aves obteve as mesmas vazoes em qualquer declividade da linha lateral. O efluente de fecularia obteve as menores vazoes entre todas as aguas. Palavras-chave: fertirrigacao grafico de controle de Shewhart gotejadores labirinto
ISSN:1415-4366
1807-1929
DOI:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n12p813-818