Effects of ketamine on penile tissues in an experimental priapism model in rats/Ratlarda deneysel priapizm modelinde ketamin'in penil dokular uzerine etkileri

• Published in: Ulusal travma ve acil cerrahi dergisi = Turkish journal of trauma & emergency surgery : TJTES Vol. 30; no. 5; p. 309
• Main Authors: Kolukcu, Vildan, Balta, Mehtap Gurler, Tapar, Hakan, Karaman, Tugba, Karaman, Serkan, Unsal, Velid, Gevrek, Fikret, Yalcin, Kenan, Firat, Fatih
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: KARE Publishing 01.05.2024
• Subjects: Anesthesia; Antioxidants; Comparative analysis; Inflammation; Interleukins; Ischemia; Ketamine; Penis; Peroxidase; Priapism; Superoxide
• ISSN: 1306-696X
• DOI: 10.14744/tjtes.2024.33262

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the histopathological and biochemical effects of ketamine on penile tissues following ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by priapism. METHODS: Twenty-four male rats were randomized into three groups. Group 1 served as the control group. Group 2 underwent the priapism model to induce ischemia-reperfusion injury. Group 3, the treatment group, experienced a similar ischemia-reperfusion model as Group 2; additionally, 50 mg/kg of ketamine was administered intraperitoneally just before reperfusion. Blood biochemical analyses and penile histopathological evaluations were performed. RESULTS: In Group 3, significant improvements were observed in all histopathological scores, including desquamation, edema, inflammation, and vasocongestion compared to Group 2 (p<0.001). Blood biochemical analyses showed that the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were recorded as 10 in Group 2, with a significant decrease in Group 3 (p=0.013). Similarly, proinflammatory cytokine levels, including interleukin-1 beta (IL-1[beta]), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-[alpha]), were found to be suppressed in Group 3 compared to Group 2 (p=0.003, p=0.022, and p=0.028, respectively). Antioxidant enzyme activities, such as glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were higher in Group 3 compared to Group 2 (p=0.016 and p=0.024, respectively). CONCLUSION: Ketamine is an effective anesthetic agent in alleviating the effects of penile ischemia-reperfusion injury. Keywords: Anesthesia; ischemia-reperfusion; ketamine; penis. AMAC: Bu calismada priapizm sonrasi gelisen iskemi-reperfuzyon hasarinda ketamin'in penil dokular uzerindeki histopatolojik ve biyokimsayal etkilerinin degerlendirilmesi amaclandi. GEREC VE YONTEM: Toplam 24 erkek rat 3 gruba randomize edildi. Grup-1 kontrol grubu olarak belirlendi. Grup-2'de priapzm modeli olusturularak penil iskemi reperfuzyon hasarinin degerlendirildigi grup olarak tanimlandi. Grup 3 ise tedavi grubu idi. Bu grupta Grup 2 ile benzer iskemi reperfuzyon modeli olusturuldu ek olarak reperfuzyondan hemen once 50 mg/kg ketamin intraperitoneal olarak uygulandi. Kan biyokimsayal analizleri ve penil histopatolojik degerlendirilmesi yapildi. BULGULAR: Grup 3'de deskuamasyon, odem, inflamasyon ve vazokonjesyon olmak uzere tum histopatolojik skorlarda Grup 2'e gore dramatik olarak iyilesme gozlemlendi (p<0.001). Kan biyokimyasal analizlerinde ise MDA degeri Grup 2'de 10 olarak kayit edildi. Bu deger Grup 3'de ciddi duzeyde azalmis olarak not edildi (p: 0.013). Benzer sekilde IL-1, IL-6 ve TNF-alfa olmak uzere proinflamatuvar sitokin duzeyinde Grup 3'de Grup 2'ye gore baskilanmis olarak belirlendi (sirasila; p: 0.003, p: 0.022 ve p: 0,028). Antioksidan enzim duzeyinde ise hem GSH-Px hemden SOD aktivitileri Grup 3'de Grup 2'e gore artmis olarak kayit edildi (p: 0.016 ve p: 0.024). SONUC: Kematin penil iskemi reperfuzyon hasarinin etkilerini hafifletmede etkin bir anestezik ajandir. Anahtar sozcukler: anestezi; iskemi-reperfuzyon; ketamin; penis.