Nutrient losses in surface irrigation runoff

Runoff from surface-irrigated fields is typically managed to improve infiltration uniformity by reducing differences in infiltration opportunity times between the upper and lower ends of fields. Runoff water not used on other fields within an irrigation tract is discharged to streams or rivers, alon...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of soil and water conservation Vol. 57; no. 6; pp. 524 - 529
Main Authors BJORNEBERG, D. L, WESTERMANN, D. T, AASE, J. K
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Ankeny, IA Soil and Water Conservation Society 01.11.2002
Soil & Water Conservation Society
Subjects
Agricultural and forest climatology and meteorology. Irrigation. Drainage
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
Biological and medical sciences
Environmental aspects
Environmental impact
Freshwater
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General agronomy. Plant production
Irrigation
Irrigation (Agriculture)
Irrigation. Drainage
Runoff
Soil chemistry
Stormwater
United States
Irrigation
irrigation runoff
Soil fertility
Experimental study
Balanced fertilization
Sediments
sediment
Water erosion(soil)
Runoff
Nutrient
Infiltration
nutrient enrichment
Erosion
phosphorus
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Summary:Runoff from surface-irrigated fields is typically managed to improve infiltration uniformity by reducing differences in infiltration opportunity times between the upper and lower ends of fields. Runoff water not used on other fields within an irrigation tract is discharged to streams or rivers, along with sediment and nutrients. Return flow nutrient and sediment concentrations may be greater than in the diverted water, but the total sediment and nutrient mass returned may be less if most of the diverted water infiltrates within the irrigation tract. Controlling erosion reduces total phosphorus loss, because total phosphorus concentration relates directly to sediment concentration. On-farm management practices, such as polyacrylamide (PAM) application and conservation tillage, reduce erosion from fields, while sediment ponds in the field or on return-flow streams trap suspended sediment that is not controlled by on-farm practices. Surface irrigation return-flow water quality can be improved with an organized effort using a combination of practices.
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ISSN:0022-4561
1941-3300