The common polymorphisms (single nucleotide polymorphism [SNP] +45 and SNP +276) of the adiponectin gene predict the conversion from impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes : The STOP-NIDDM trial

• Published in: Diabetes (New York, N.Y.) Vol. 54; no. 3; pp. 893 - 899
• Main Authors: ZACHAROVA, Jelena, CHIASSON, Jean-Louis, LAAKSO, Markku
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Alexandria, VA American Diabetes Association 01.03.2005
• Subjects: Acarbose - therapeutic use; Adiponectin; Adult; Aged; Alleles; Biological and medical sciences; Blood pressure; Body fat; Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - genetics; Diabetes research; Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance; Diagnosis; Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases); Endocrinopathies; Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance; Female; Genetic polymorphisms; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genotype & phenotype; Glucose; Glucose intolerance; Glucose Intolerance - genetics; Glucose Tolerance Test; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use; Insulin resistance; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - genetics; Laboratory animals; Logistic Models; Longitudinal studies; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Obesity; Odds Ratio; Phosphatase; Plasma; Polymorphism; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide - genetics; Type 2 diabetes; Weight control; White people; Endocrinopathy; Type 2 diabetes; Gene; Metabolic diseases; Impaired glucose tolerance; Adiponectin; Polymorphism
• ISSN: 0012-1797; 1939-327X
• DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.54.3.893

Adiponectin is an adipose tissue-specific protein with insulin-sensitizing and antiatherogenic properties. Therefore, the adiponectin gene is a promising candidate gene for type 2 diabetes. We investigated the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) +45T/G and +276G/T of the adiponectin gene as predictors for the conversion from impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes in the STOP-NIDDM trial, which aimed to investigate the effect of acarbose compared with placebo on the prevention of type 2 diabetes. Compared with the TT genotype, the G-allele of SNP +45 was associated with a 1.8-fold risk for type 2 diabetes (95% CI 1.12-3.00, P = 0.015) in the placebo group. Subjects treated with placebo and simultaneously having the G-allele of SNP +45 and the T-allele of SNP +276 (the risk genotype combination) had a 4.5-fold (1.78-11.3, P = 0.001) higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes compared with subjects carrying neither of these alleles. Women carrying the risk genotype combination had an especially high risk of conversion to diabetes (odds ratio 22.2, 95% CI 2.7-183.3, P = 0.004). In conclusion, the G-allele of SNP +45 is a predictor for the conversion to type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, the combined effect of SNP +45 and SNP +276 on the development of type 2 diabetes was stronger than that of each SNP alone.