Nanoparticles of Mesoporous SO3H-Functionalized Si-MCM-41 with Superior Proton Conductivity

• Published in: Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) Vol. 5; no. 7; pp. 854 - 859
• Main Authors: Marschall, Roland, Bannat, Inga, Feldhoff, Armin, Wang, Lianzhou, Lu, Gao Qing (Max), Wark, Michael
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Weinheim WILEY-VCH Verlag 06.04.2009; WILEY‐VCH Verlag
• Subjects: Electric Conductivity; hybrid materials; mesoporous materials; nanoparticles; Nanoparticles - chemistry; Nanoparticles - ultrastructure; Porosity; proton conductivity; Protons; silica; Silicon Dioxide - chemistry; X-Ray Diffraction
• ISSN: 1613-6810; 1613-6829
• DOI: 10.1002/smll.200801235

Nanometer‐sized mesoporous silica particles of around 100‐nm diameter functionalized with a large amount of sulfonic acid groups are prepared using a simple and fast in situ co‐condensation procedure. A highly ordered hexagonal pore structure is established by applying a pre‐hydrolysis step in a high‐dilution synthesis approach, followed by adding the functionalization agent to the reaction mixture. The high‐dilution approach is advantageous for the in situ functionalization since no secondary reagents for an effective particle and framework formation are needed. Structural data are determined via electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption, and X‐ray diffraction, proton conductivity values of the functionalized samples are measured via impedance spectroscopy. The obtained mesoporous SO3H‐MCM‐41 nanoparticles demonstrate superior proton conductivity than their equally loaded micrometer‐sized counterparts, up to 5 × 10−2 S cm−1. The mesoporosity of the particles turns out to be very important for effective proton transport since non‐porous silica nanoparticles exhibit worse efficient proton transport, and the obtained particle size dependence might open up a new route in rational design of highly proton conductive materials. Mesoporous silica particles 100 nm in diameter functionalized with sulfonic acid groups are prepared using a simple and fast in situ co‐condensation procedure. The resulting SO3H‐MCM‐41 nanoparticles (see image) exhibit a highly ordered hexagonal pore structure and demonstrate very high proton conductivities. Superior proton conductivity values indicate a particle size dependence of the proton conductivity.