A Simple Method for Constructing Artificial Promoters Activated in Response to Ultrasound Stimulation

• Published in: Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) Vol. 1651; p. 187
• Main Authors: Ogawa, Ryohei, Kagiya, Go, Watanabe, Akihiko, Morii, Akihiro, Cui, Zheng-Guo, Kondo, Takashi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 2017
• Subjects: Animals; Electrophoresis - methods; Enhancer Elements, Genetic - radiation effects; Genes, Reporter; Genetic Vectors - genetics; HeLa Cells; Heme Oxygenase-1 - genetics; Humans; Mutagenesis; Oligonucleotides - genetics; Plasmids - genetics; Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods; Promoter Regions, Genetic - radiation effects; TATA Box - radiation effects; Transcription, Genetic - radiation effects; Ultrasonic Waves; Ultrasonics - methods; Oxidative stress; Directed evolution; Error-prone PCR; Cis-element; Ultrasound; TATA box
• ISSN: 1940-6029
• DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7223-4_14

It has been pointed out that ultrasound could be used as a controller for bioprocesses including gene expression since its energy can noninvasively reach deep in the body. Gene expression may be timely and spatially controlled by ultrasound, thus providing necessary bioactive proteins for the targeted tissue in a timely fashion. Although there are many processes involved in gene expression control, one of the most important processes is transcription, and the promoter plays an essential role in it. There are several promoters known to be activated in response to ultrasound irradiation . However, in our opinion, an artificial promoter is more suitable for clinical use. We herein describe simple methods to construct promoters that are responsive to ultrasound irradiation by randomly combining cis-elements (transcription factor binding motifs) and thereby improve its reactivity to ultrasound irradiation .