Evaluation of Sarcopenia in Patients with Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance

• Published in: Journal of clinical medicine Vol. 13; no. 12; p. 3458
• Main Authors: Kul, Ayse Nilgun, Kaya Tuna, Mujgan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 13.06.2024; MDPI
• Subjects: Age; Anemia; Body mass index; Bone marrow; Care and treatment; Chronic illnesses; Decision making; Development and progression; Females; Gait; Hospitals; Hypercalcemia; Kidney diseases; Kinases; Malnutrition; Monoclonal gammopathies; Multiple myeloma; Muscle strength; Older people; Proteins; Risk factors; Sarcopenia; Statistics; Working groups; Turkey; United States > US; Japan; muscle mass; prevalence; multiple myeloma; MGUS; sarcopenia
• ISSN: 2077-0383; 2077-0383
• DOI: 10.3390/jcm13123458

We aimed to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and to evaluate the links between MGUS and sarcopenia. Eighty-two patients with a diagnosis of MGUS were enrolled in the study. Muscle strength was measured using the handgrip dynamometer. Physical performance was assessed by assessing gait speed over a 6-minute walking test. Muscle mass was determined using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer. Sarcopenia was confirmed in 34.15% of patients. Male predominance was demonstrated in MGUS subjects with sarcopenia, particularly patients with low hand grip strength, low appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM), or low ASMM index ( < 0.001, 0.013, and 0.001, respectively). Higher age and lower serum free light-chain Lambda levels were shown in MGUS patients with low muscle function scores compared to normal scores ( < 0.001, and 0.014, respectively). In addition, having a low ASMM score was related to low body mass index and high-risk group ( = 0.020, 0.033, respectively). We demonstrated that the frequency of sarcopenia is high in patients with MGUS. Whether sarcopenia has a possible role as a factor contributing to the pathogenesis of MGUS should be supported by further studies containing longitudinal data.