Understanding Steam Traps

• Published in: Chemical engineering progress Vol. 107; no. 2; pp. 21 - 26
• Main Author: Risko, J R
• Format: Journal Article Magazine Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York American Institute of Chemical Engineers 01.02.2011
• Subjects: Chemical engineering; Chemical plants; Cost control; Cost reduction; Failure; Furnaces; General overviews; Infrared radiation; Life expectancy; Maintenance; Manufacturers; Mathematical analysis; Operating costs; Population; Quality standards; Reliability; Repair & maintenance; Repairing; Segments; Steam traps; Thermometers; United States > US
• ISSN: 0360-7275; 1945-0710

Steam traps and steam systems represent a large portion of a manufacturing plant's total operating cost, but methods to reduce spending in this area are not clearly defined. Problems may arise when engineers lack knowledge regarding such questions as: How do steam traps affect the steam system and process and product quality? What are the best types of traps to use? What differentiates the best manufacturers? What testing methods are used for determining trap failures? The many considerations involved in selecting, installing, and maintaining steam traps can make it difficult to recognize what is important and what is not. Typical information sources such as manufacturers and the site's previous experiences may not provide all of the necessary information. It can be helpful to break down cost-reduction goals into smaller segments and analyze each separately. For example, a common myth is that the purchase price of a new steam trap is a major component of system cost. Because the impact of operating cost is typically significantly higher than purchase price, it is important to understand the factors that negatively affect that cost. Total system operating cost is comprised of multiple components, including steam loss, generating cost, emissions-related credits, and maintenance charges. When calculating the cost per unit of production, productivity impact should also be considered. This article describes the various failure states of steam traps and steam systems, as well as the potential consequences of not repairing failed steam traps. For a general overview of steam traps, see Ref. 1.