Alkaloid and phenolic compounds of Xylopia aromatica inhibits tumor growth by down-regulating matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression

• Published in: Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences Vol. 34; no. 2; pp. 599 - 606
• Main Authors: Gomes, Izabela Natalia Faria, Silva, Ana Gabriela, Frazao Lima, Gustavo Fernando de, Longatti, Tamara Ribeiro, Do Carmo, Lucas Fernandes, Villar, Jose Augusto Ferreira Perez, Araujo, Arali Aparecida Da Costa, Tome, Ralph Gruppi, Santos, Helio Batista Dos, Azambuja Ribeiro, Rosy Iara Maciel De
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Pakistan Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 01.03.2021
• Subjects: Alkaloids; Alkaloids - chemistry; Animals; Aporphines - chemistry; Bioflavonoids; Cancer; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor - metabolism; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor - pathology; Care and treatment; Catechin - chemistry; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation - drug effects; Chlorogenic Acid - chemistry; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Down-Regulation; Flavones; Flavonoids; Flavonoids - chemistry; Gallic Acid - chemistry; Growth; High performance liquid chromatography; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating - drug effects; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 - drug effects; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 - metabolism; Medicine, Botanic; Medicine, Herbal; Mice; Necrosis; Penicillin G; Phenols - chemistry; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Plant Leaves; Plant metabolites; Quercetin - chemistry; Rutin - chemistry; Statistics; Tumor Burden - drug effects; Tumors; Xylopia; Brazil
• ISSN: 1011-601X
• DOI: 10.36721/PJPS.2021.34.2.REG.599-606.1

Annonacea species have been reported to possess antitumor properties. However, the in vitro and in vivo antitumor activities of Xylopia aromatica (Annonacea) have not yet been elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Xylopia aromatica leaves hexane fraction (XaHF) on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells lines (EAC), both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro assays revealed a significant cytotoxic effect with the two lower XaHF concentrations (62.5 and 32.3mg/mL). EAC (2.5x10 cells) were inoculated in the right flank of Swiss mice, and the animals were treated intraperitoneally with 32.3mg kg of XaHF daily, for 20 days. Our findings indicate that XaHF suppressed the growth of EAC in vivo, with a significant decrease (46%) in tumor volume. There was also a decrease in the necrosis area (71%), inflammatory infiltrate, and MMP-2 expression. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detector (HPLC-DAD) identified secondary metabolites possibly related to phenolic acids, flavonoids, and alkaloids. Thus, the results confirmed the antitumoral activity that may be related to the presence of the identified metabolites in XaHF extract.