Hepatotoxicity from isoniazid and rifampin in inner-city AIDS patients

• Published in: The American journal of gastroenterology Vol. 90; no. 11; p. 1978
• Main Authors: Ozick, L A, Jacob, L, Comer, G M, Lee, T P, Ben-Zvi, J, Donelson, S S, Felton, C P
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01.11.1995
• Subjects: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - drug therapy; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - epidemiology; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - microbiology; Alanine Transaminase - blood; Alcoholism - epidemiology; Antitubercular Agents - adverse effects; Antitubercular Agents - therapeutic use; Aspartate Aminotransferases - blood; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - diagnosis; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - epidemiology; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Female; Humans; Incidence; Isoniazid - adverse effects; Isoniazid - therapeutic use; Liver Function Tests; Male; New York City - epidemiology; Poverty Areas; Rifampin - adverse effects; Rifampin - therapeutic use; Risk Factors; Time Factors; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - drug therapy; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - epidemiology
• ISSN: 0002-9270
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.1995.tb10175.x

To determine the incidence of hepatotoxicity due to isoniazid and rifampin in inner-city patients with active tuberculosis. A hospital-based review of 70 consecutive in-patients in a 770-bed, inner-city hospital. The patient population is primarily African-American and Hispanic. Fifty-eight men and 12 women were followed from 2-12 wk (median 4 wk). Patients had to be treated for at least 2 wk to be eligible for the study. Patients were excluded if they had been on any anti-tuberculous or any other hepatotoxic drug during the 2-month period before their hospitalization. Aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, and albumin were obtained at least every 2 wk. Hepatocellular toxicity, defined as AST and/or ALT greater than 200 IU/L, occurred in eight out of 70 (11.4%) patients. The mean age of these patients was 38.9 yr (22-58 yr). Patients with AIDS were significantly more likely to develop hepatotoxicity than those with any other risk factor (p < 0.01). Baseline aminotransferases followed by monitoring may be necessary in AIDS patients.