Self‐Aggregation‐Controlled Rapid Chemical Bath Deposition of SnO2 Layers and Stable Dark Depolarization Process for Highly Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

• Published in: ChemSusChem Vol. 13; no. 16; pp. 4051 - 4063
• Main Authors: Ko, Yohan, Kim, Youbin, Lee, Chanyong, Kim, Taemin, Kim, Seungkyu, Yun, Yong Ju, Gwon, Hui‐jeong, Lee, Nam‐Ho, Jun, Yongseok
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 21.08.2020
• Subjects: Agglomeration; Charge transport; chemical bath deposition; Depolarization; Deposition; Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; Electrode polarization; Energy conversion efficiency; Fluorine; Hysteresis; Morphology; Perovskites; Photovoltaic cells; photovoltaics; Response time; Solar cells; surface chemistry; tin; Tin dioxide; Tin oxides; Titanium dioxide; Surface polarization; tin oxide; Dark depolarization; Ionic charge redistribution; Chemical bath deposition
• ISSN: 1864-5631; 1864-564X
• DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000501

Planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs) incorporating n‐type SnO2 have attracted significant interest because of their excellent photovoltaic performance. However, the film fabrication of SnO2 is limited by self‐aggregation and inhomogeneous growth of the intermediate phase, which produces poor morphology and properties. In this study, a self‐controlled SnO2 layer is fabricated directly on a fluorine‐doped tin oxide (FTO) surface through simple and rapid chemical bath deposition. The PSCs based on this hydrolyzed SnO2 layer exhibit an excellent power conversion efficiency of 20.21 % with negligible hysteresis. Analysis of the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy on the charge transport dynamics indicates that the bias voltage influences both interfacial charge transportation and the ionic double layer under illumination. The hydrolyzed SnO2‐based PSCs demonstrate a faster ionic charge response time of 2.5 ms in comparison with 100.5 ms for the hydrolyzed TiO2‐based hysteretic PSCs. The results of quasi‐steady‐state carrier transportation indicate that a dynamic hysteresis in the J–V curves can be explained by complex ionic‐electronic kinetics owing to the slow ionic charge redistribution and hole accumulation caused by electrode polarization, which causes an increase in charge recombination. This study reveals that SnO2‐based PSCs lead to a stabilized dark depolarization process compared with TiO2‐based PSCs, which is relevant to the charge transport dynamics in the high‐performing planar SnO2‐based PSCs. Stannic attack: A SnO2 layer is fabricated on a fluorine‐doped tin oxide surface through chemical bath deposition. Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on this hydrolyzed SnO2 layer exhibit an excellent power conversion efficiency of 20.21 % with negligible hysteresis. SnO2‐based PSCs have a stabilized dark depolarization process compared with TiO2‐based PSCs, which is promising for high‐performing planar SnO2‐based PSCs.