Diabetic neuropathy: understanding the nexus of diabetic neuropathy, gut dysbiosis and cognitive impairment

Objectives Diabetic neuropathy is a traditional and one of the most prevalent complications of diabetes mellitus. The exact pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy is not fully understood. However, oxidative stress and inflammation are proven to be one of the major underlying mechanisms of neuropathy...

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Published inJournal of diabetes and metabolic disorders
Main Authors Babu, Divya Durai, Mehdi, Seema, Krishna, Kamsagara Linganna, Lalitha, Mankala Sree, Someshwara, Chethan Konasuru, Pathak, Suman, Pesaladinne, Ujwal Reddy, Rajashekarappa, Rahul Kinnarahalli, Mylaralinga, Prakruthi Shivakumari
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published BioMed Central Ltd 06.06.2024
Subjects
Development and progression
Diabetic neuropathies
Diabetics
Inflammation
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Nervous system diseases
Type 2 diabetes
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Summary:Objectives Diabetic neuropathy is a traditional and one of the most prevalent complications of diabetes mellitus. The exact pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy is not fully understood. However, oxidative stress and inflammation are proven to be one of the major underlying mechanisms of neuropathy which is described in detail. Gut dysbiosis is being studied for various neurological disorders and its impact on diabetic neuropathy is also explained. Diabetic neuropathy also causes loss in an individual's quality of life and one such adverse event is cognitive dysfunction. The interrelation between the neuropathy, cognitive dysfunction and gut is reviewed. Methods The exact mechanism is not understood but several hypotheses, cross-sectional studies and systematic reviews suggest a relationship between cognition and neuropathy. The review has collected data from various review and research publications that justifies this inter-relationship. Results The multifactorial etiology and pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy is described with special emphasis on the role of gut dysbiosis. There might exist a correlation between the neuropathy and cognitive impairment caused simultaneously in diabetic patients. Conclusions This review summarizes the relationship that might exist between diabetic neuropathy, cognitive dysfunction and the impact of disturbed gut microbiome on its development and progression. Keywords: Diabetic neuropathy, Cognitive impairment, Oxidative stress, Inflammation, Gut microbiome, Gut dysbiosis
ISSN:2251-6581
2251-6581
DOI:10.1007/s40200-024-01447-x