Regulation of mammary gland remodelling and lactation

• Published in: Reproduction, nutrition, development Vol. 42; no. 5
• Main Authors: Chilliard, Y. ((Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, St-Genès-Champanelle (France). Centre de Clermont-Ferrand Theix Lyon, Unité de Recherche sur les Herbivores, Equipe Tissu Adipeux et Lipides du Lait)), Motyl, T
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 01.09.2002
• Subjects: APOPTOSE; APOPTOSIS; BIOSINTESIS; BIOSYNTHESE; BIOSYNTHESIS; CAPRIN; CAPRINOS; CASEIN; CASEINA; CASEINE; COWS; EPITELIO; EPITHELIUM; EXPRESION GENICA; EXPRESSION DES GENES; GENE EXPRESSION; GESTACION; GESTATION; GLANDE MAMMAIRE; GLANDULAS MAMARIAS; GOATS; LACTACION; LACTATION; LAIT; LECHE; MAMIFEROS; MAMMALS; MAMMARY GLANDS; MAMMIFERE; MILK; PREGNANCY; PROTEINAS; PROTEINE; PROTEINS; VACA; VACHE
• ISSN: 0926-5287; 1297-9708

The subject matter of Session 2 was focused on three main topics: genomic studies on polymorphism and expression of genes involved in regulation of mammary gland function, genes encoding milk proteins and mammary tissue enzymes, apoptosis as a fundamental process responsible for mammary gland involution, metabolism of lactating animals. The following conclusions have been drawn. Bovine lactogenic hormones: GH and PRL undergo mutations in 5'-flanking region, which can affect expression and secretion pattern of these hormones. Relevant relationship was found between polymorphism of as1 and as2 casein genes and their expression, organization and physico-chemical properties of casein micelle, and subcellular transport and secretion of milk components. Apoptosis of mammary epithelial cells is dependent on increased expression, subcellular redistribution and interaction of Bcl-2-related death promoters. Mitochondrial pathway is involved in TGF-beta1-induced apoptosis of mammary epithelial cells. Short-term mild hyperglycemia does not induce any insulin resistance, but it improves the insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in lactating goats. New sophisticated methods for investigation of mammary gland function and reproduction were presented: laser scanning cytometry for mammary apoptosis research, septaplex PCR for parent-age control and sexing of cattle, real-time RT-PCR to quantify stearoyl-CoA-desaturase expression, and milk somatic cells as a model to evaluate transcription of milk proteins. Summaries of 10 communications