Co-occurrence of aflatoxin B1, fumonisin B1, ochratoxin A and zearalenone in cereals and peanuts from Côte d'Ivoire

• Published in: Food additives and contaminants Vol. 23; no. 10; pp. 1000 - 1007
• Main Authors: Sangare-Tigori, B, Moukha, S, Kouadio, H.J, Betbeder, A.M, Dano, D.S, Creppy, E.E
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Taylor & Francis Group 01.10.2006; Taylor & Francis
• Subjects: Aflatoxin B1; Aflatoxin B1 - analysis; Arachis - chemistry; Aspergillus; Biological and medical sciences; Cereal and baking product industries; co-occurrence; corn; Côte d'Ivoire; Edible Grain - chemistry; European Union; Food Analysis - methods; food contamination; Food Contamination - analysis; food grains; Food industries; food pathogens; fumonisin B1; Fumonisins - analysis; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Fusarium; General aspects; Hygiene and safety; incidence; maximum permissible intake; maximum residue limits; microbial detection; molds (fungi); Mycotoxins - analysis; ochratoxin A; Ochratoxins - analysis; Oryza - chemistry; peanuts; Penicillium; rice; toxigenic strains; Zea mays - chemistry; zearalenone; Zearalenone - analysis; Cote d'Ivoire; Peanut; Ochratoxin; ochratoxin A; Mycotoxin; Arachis hypogaea; Zearalenone; Côte d'Ivoire; Toxin; co-occurrence; Leguminosae; Surveillance; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Aflatoxin B1; Cereal; Spermatophyta; fumonisin Bl; Fumonisin; Aflatoxin Bl
• ISSN: 0265-203X; 1464-5122
• DOI: 10.1080/02652030500415686

This survey examined 30 samples of rice (n = 10), maize (n = 10) and peanuts (n = 10) from Côte d'Ivoire for aflatoxin B1, fumonisin B1 and zearalenone using immunoassays, and ochratoxin A using a validated HPLC method with fluorescence detection. In Côte d'Ivoire, as in other countries, several mycotoxins are present in the same commodities. These mycotoxins are from different structural families: aflatoxin B1, fumonisin B1, zearalenone and ochratoxin A, normally produced by fungal species from Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium genera. Some samples contained four mycotoxins (86%). Four peanuts samples did not show ochratoxin A (14%), whereas they contained aflatoxin B1 concentrations above the EU regulatory limits. Concentrations of ochratoxin A, zearalenone and fumonisin B1 were low and may not cause problems per se; however, fears remain that the tolerable daily intake may be exceeded due to eating habits and synergistic effects could be important with the combination of several mycotoxins. Investigations in this direction are underway, together with isolation and characterization of the fungal species involved.