Interstitial telomere‐like repeats in the monocot family Araceae
Combining molecular cytogenetics and phylogenetic modelling of chromosome number change can shed light on the types of evolutionary changes that may explain the haploid numbers observed today. Applied to the monocot family Araceae, with chromosome numbers of 2n = 8 to 2n = 160, this type of approach...
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| Published in | Botanical journal of the Linnean Society Vol. 177; no. 1; pp. 15 - 26 |
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| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Oxford
Academic Press
2015
Blackwell Publishing Ltd Oxford University Press |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Summary: | Combining molecular cytogenetics and phylogenetic modelling of chromosome number change can shed light on the types of evolutionary changes that may explain the haploid numbers observed today. Applied to the monocot family Araceae, with chromosome numbers of 2n = 8 to 2n = 160, this type of approach has suggested that descending dysploidy has played a larger role than polyploidy in the evolution of the current chromosome numbers. To test this, we carried out molecular cytogenetic analyses in 14 species from 11 genera, using probes for telomere repeats, 5S rDNA and 45S rDNA and a plastid phylogenetic tree covering the 118 genera of the family, many with multiple species. We obtained new chromosome counts for six species, modelled chromosome number evolution using all available counts for the family and carried out fluorescence in situ hybridization with three probes (5S rDNA, 45S rDNA and Arabidopsis‐like telomeres) on 14 species with 2n = 14 to 2n = 60. The ancestral state reconstruction provides support for a large role of descending dysploidy in Araceae, and interstitial telomere repeats (ITRs) were detected in Anthurium leuconerum, A. wendlingeri and Spathyphyllum tenerum, all with 2n = 30. The number of ITR signals in Anthurium (up to 12) is the highest so far reported in angiosperms, and the large repeats located in the pericentromeric regions of A. wendlingeri are of a type previously reported only from the gymnosperms Cycas and Pinus. © 2014 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2015, 177, 15–26. |
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| Bibliography: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/boj.12231 Figure S1. Chromosome number reconstruction for Araceae on a phylogram, rooted on Acorus calamus. Pie charts represent the probabilities of inferred chromosome numbers, with the number inside the pie having the highest probability. The rectangular inset shows the frequency with which each event type (gains, losses, duplications, demiduplication) occurs along the branches of the tree. The colour coding of chromosome numbers is explained in the elongate inset on the left. Species investigated by FISH are labelled in red.Figure S2. Chromosome number reconstruction for Araceae on a phylogram tree rooted on Acorus calamus. The inferred frequency of the four possible events (gains, losses, duplications, demiduplications) is shown above branches. The colour coding of event types is explained in the inset. Species investigated by FISH are labelled in red.Figure S3. Phylogeny obtained from ML analysis of a plastid DNA matrix of 4928 aligned nucleotides for 171 species. Bootstrap support is indicated at nodes.Figure S4. Chromosome number reconstruction for Araceae on an ultrametric tree rooted on Acorus calamus. The inferred frequency of the four possible events (gains, losses, duplications, demiduplications) is shown above branches. The colour coding of event types is explained in the inset. Species investigated by FISH are labelled in red.Figure S5. Maximum clade credibility tree of a molecular data set of 171 species. Posterior probabilities are indicated at nodes.Figure S6. Detection by FISH of: telomeric, 5S and 45S rDNA signals in chromosomes of (A-C) Scindapsus lucens (2n = 60); telomeric and 5S rDNA signals in chromosomes of (D, E) Englerarum hypnosum (2n = 24); telomeric signals in chromosomes of (F) Pothos repens (2n = 24) and (G) Anthurium wendlingeri (2n = 30); and telomeric and 45S rDNA signals in chromosomes of (H, I) Rhaphidophora pteropoda (2n = 60). Red arrowheads indicate the position of weak 5S rDNA signals, while green arrows in C and I indicate the position of weak 45S rDNA signals. Empty plates labelled 'NO' indicate that experiments using these probes were not made in these species while 'YES' means that experiments were performed but failed or yielded unsatisfactory results. Bars correspond to 5 μm and apply to all plates of a row.Table S1. Sequence source information.Table S2. Information on the genera newly studied here. ark:/67375/WNG-4LDJ2BSG-J istex:C37A29D5A1E25E2699C5F171ECE114A42D6CBC46 DFG RE 603/7-1 ArticleID:BOJ12231 ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 |
| ISSN: | 0024-4074 1095-8339 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/boj.12231 |