Molecular Basis of Arabinobio-hydrolase Activity in Phytopathogenic Fungi: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AND CATALYTIC MECHANISM OF FUSARIUM GRAMINEARUM GH93 EXO-α-L-ARABINANASE

• Published in: The Journal of biological chemistry Vol. 284; no. 18; pp. 12285 - 12296
• Main Authors: Carapito, Raphaël, Imberty, Anne, Jeltsch, Jean-Marc, Byrns, Simon C, Tam, Pui-Hang, Lowary, Todd L, Varrot, Annabelle, Phalip, Vincent
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 01.05.2009
• Subjects: Crystallography, X-Ray; Fungal Proteins - chemistry; Fusarium - enzymology; Glycoside Hydrolases - chemistry; Life Sciences; Models, Chemical; Models, Molecular; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Polysaccharides; Protein Structure, Secondary - physiology; Protein Structure, Tertiary - physiology; Vegetal Biology
• ISSN: 0021-9258; 1083-351X
• DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M900439200

The phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum secretes a very diverse pool of glycoside hydrolases (GHs) aimed at degrading plant cell walls. α-L-Arabinanases are essential GHs participating in the complete hydrolysis of hemicellulose, a natural resource for various industrial processes, such as bioethanol or pharmaceuticals production. Arb93A, the exo-1,5-α-L-arabinanase of F. graminearum encoded by the gene fg03054.1, belongs to the GH93 family, for which no structural data exists. The enzyme is highly active (1065 units/mg) and displays a strict substrate specificity for linear α-1,5-L-arabinan. Biochemical assays and NMR experiments demonstrated that the enzyme releases α-1,5-L-arabinobiose from the nonreducing end of the polysaccharide. We determined the crystal structure of the native enzyme and its complex with α-1,5-L-arabinobiose, a degradation product of α-Me-1,5-L-arabinotetraose, at 1.85 and 2.05Å resolution, respectively. Arb93A is a monomeric enzyme, which presents the six-bladed β-propeller fold characteristic of sialidases of clan GHE. The configuration of the bound arabinobiose is consistent with the retaining mechanism proposed for the GH93 family. Catalytic residues were proposed from the structural analysis, and site-directed mutagenesis was used to validate their role. They are significantly different from those observed for GHE sialidases.