Accelerated early growth of rice at elevated CO2. Is it related to developmental changes in the shoot apex?

• Published in: Plant physiology (Bethesda) Vol. 115; no. 1; pp. 15 - 22
• Main Authors: Jitla, D.S, Rogers, G.S, Seneweera, S.P, Basra, A.S, Oldfield, R.J, Conroy, J.P
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Rockville, MD American Society of Plant Physiologists 01.09.1997
• Subjects: Agricultural and forest climatology and meteorology. Irrigation. Drainage; Agricultural and forest meteorology; Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions; ANATOMIA DE LA PLANTA; ANATOMIE VEGETALE; Biological and medical sciences; BOURGEON; BUDS; Carbon dioxide; CARBON DIOXIDE ENRICHMENT; Climatic adaptation. Acclimatization; CROP YIELD; Development and Growth Regulation; Developmental biology; DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES; DIAMETER; DIAMETRE; DIAMETRO; DOSAGE EFFECTS; EFECTOS DE DOSIFICACION; EFFET DOSE; ENRICHISSEMENT EN GAZ CARBONIQUE; ENRIQUECIMIENTO EN GAS CARBONICO; ENTRE NOEUD; ETAPAS DE DESARROLLO; ETAPAS DE DESARROLLO DE LA PLANTA; FEUILLE; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; General agronomy. Plant production; Grains; GROWTH RATE; HOJAS; INDICE DE CRECIMIENTO; INTERNODES; INTERNODIOS; LARGURA; Leaf buds; Leaf primordia; LEAVES; LENGTH; LONGUEUR; ORYZA SATIVA; Physical agents; PLANT ANATOMY; PLANT DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES; Plant growth; Plant physiology and development; PLANT PRODUCTION; Plants; PRODUCCION VEGETAL; PRODUCTION VEGETALE; RENDEMENT DES CULTURES; RENDIMIENTO DE CULTIVOS; Rice; SHOOT APICES; STADE DE DEVELOPPEMENT; STADE DE DEVELOPPEMENT VEGETAL; STEMS; TALLO; TAUX DE CROISSANCE; TIGE; TILLERS; Vegetative apparatus, growth and morphogenesis. Senescence; YEMA (PLANTA); Tillering; Monocotyledones; Carbon dioxide; Cereal crop; Oryza sativa; Regulation(control); Seed yield; Gramineae; Morphology; Angiospermae; Development; Above ground plant part; Spermatophyta; Apex; Climate modification
• ISSN: 0032-0889; 1532-2548
• DOI: 10.1104/pp.115.1.15

The influence of elevated CO2 on the development of the shoot apex and on subsequent vegetative growth and grain yield investigated using rice (Oryza sativa L. cv Jarrah) grown in flooded soil at either 350 or 700 microliter CO2 L-1. At 8 d after planting (DAP), elevated CO2 increased the height and diameter of the apical dome and lengths of leaf primordia and tiller buds but had no effect on their numbers. By 16 DAP, there were five tiller buds in the apex at 700 microliter CO2 L-1 compared with only three tiller buds at 350 microliter CO2 L-1. These changes in development of the shoot apex at high CO2 were forerunners to faster development of the vegetative shoot at elevated CO2 between 11 and 26 DAP as evidenced by increases in the relative growth rates of the shoot and tillers. Accelerated development at high CO2 was responsible for the 42% increase in tiller number at the maximum tillering stage and the 57% enhancement of grain yield at the final harvest. The link between high CO2 effects on development during the first 15 DAP and final tiller number and grain yield was demonstrated by delaying exposure of plants to high CO2 for 15 d. The delay totally inhibited the tillering response to high CO2, and the increase in grain yield of 20% arose from a greater number of grains per panicle. Consequently, it can be concluded that accelerated development in the shoot apex early in development is crucial for obtaining maximum increases in grain yield at elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations