Light-dependent isoprene emission. Characterization of a thylakoid-bound isoprene synthase in Salix discolor chloroplasts

Isoprene synthase is an enzyme that is responsible for the production of the volatile C5 hydrocarbon, isoprene, in plant leaves. Isoprene formation in numerous C3 plants is interesting because (a) large quantities of isoprene are emitted, 5 x 10(14) g of C annually, (b) a plant may release 1 to 8% o...

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Published inPlant physiology (Bethesda) Vol. 112; no. 1; pp. 171 - 182
Main Authors Wildermuth, M.C. (Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO.), Fall, R
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published American Society of Plant Physiologists 01.09.1996
Subjects
ACTIVIDAD ENZIMATICA
ACTIVITE ENZYMATIQUE
binding sites
Biochemistry and Enzymology
CHLOROPLASTE
Chloroplasts
CLOROPLASTO
COMPOSE VOLATIL
COMPUESTO VOLATIL
Detergents
emissions
enzyme activity
Enzymes
HIDROCARBUROS
hydrocarbons
HYDROCARBURE
INHIBIDORES DE ENZIMAS
INHIBITEUR D'ENZYME
Leaves
LIGASAS
LIGASE
ligases
light
LUMIERE
LUZ
Physiological regulation
Plants
Plastids
Pollutant emissions
SALIX
THYLAKOIDE
Thylakoids
TILACOIDES
TRIPSINA
trypsin inhibitors
TRYPSINE
volatile compounds
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Summary:Isoprene synthase is an enzyme that is responsible for the production of the volatile C5 hydrocarbon, isoprene, in plant leaves. Isoprene formation in numerous C3 plants is interesting because (a) large quantities of isoprene are emitted, 5 x 10(14) g of C annually, (b) a plant may release 1 to 8% of its fixed C as isoprene, and (c) the function of plant isoprene production is unknown. Because of the dependence of foliar isoprene emission on light, the existence of a plastidic isoprene synthase has been postulated. To pursue this idea, a method to isolate chloroplasts from Salix discolor was developed and shows a plastidic isoprene synthase that is tightly bound to the thylakoid membrane and accessible to trypsin inactivation. The thylakoid-bound isoprene synthase has catalytic properties similar to known soluble isoprene syntheses; however, the relationship between these enzymes is unknown. The discovery of a thylakoid-bound isoprene synthase with a stromal-facing domain places it in the chloroplast, where it may be subject to numerous direct and indirect light-mediated effects. Implications for the light-dependent regulation of foliar isoprene production and its function are presented
Bibliography:9716190
F60
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ISSN:0032-0889
1532-2548
DOI:10.1104/pp.112.1.171