Aluminum toxicity in tomato. 2. Leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll content, and invertase activity

The effect of aluminum (Al) toxicity on leaf gas exchange, leaf chlorophyll content, and sucrose metabolizing enzyme activity of two tomato cultivars (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. 'Mountain Pride' and 'Floramerica') was studied to determine the mechanism of growth reduction obse...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of plant nutrition Vol. 17; no. 2/3
Main Authors Simon, L, Kieger, M, Sung, S.S, Smalley, T.J
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published 1994
Subjects
ALUMINIO
ALUMINIUM
CHLOROPHYLLE
CLOROFILAS
DIOXIDO DE CARBONO
DIOXYDE DE CARBONE
ECHANGE GAZEUX
FEUILLE
FITOTOXICIDAD
FOTOSINTESIS
FRUCTOFURANOSIDASA
FRUCTOFURANOSIDASE
HOJAS
INTERCAMBIO DE GASES
LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM
PHOTOSYNTHESE
PHYTOTOXICITE
RACINE
RAICES
TRANSPIRACION
TRANSPIRATION
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Summary:The effect of aluminum (Al) toxicity on leaf gas exchange, leaf chlorophyll content, and sucrose metabolizing enzyme activity of two tomato cultivars (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. 'Mountain Pride' and 'Floramerica') was studied to determine the mechanism of growth reduction observed in a related study (Simon et al., 1994, Part 1). Plants were grown in diluted nutrient solution (pH 4.0) with 0, 10, 25, or 50 micromolar Al for 16 days. Leaf gas exchange was reduced 2-3 fold in both cultivars as Al concentration increased. Gas exchange of 'Mountain Pride' was more sensitive to Al toxicity than 'Floramerica', agreeing with growth responses observed. Reductions in carbon dioxide (CO2) assimilation rate appeared to be due to nonstomatal factors in 'Floramerica', but stomatal and non-stomatal limitations in 'Mountain Pride'. Chlorophyll content of leaves was not affected by Al. Acid invertase (AI) and neutral invertase (NI) activity of roots responded consistently to Al concentration in both cultivars. Root AI and NI activity decreased to a greater extent for 'Mountain Pride' than for 'Floramerica'
Bibliography:9510936
F60
H50
ISSN:0190-4167
1532-4087
DOI:10.1080/01904169409364729