Liver transplantation in people living with HIV: An Italian nationwide survey focusing on hepatocellular carcinoma and oncologic recurrences
Liver transplantation in people living with HIV is a well-established procedure. However, HIV infection has been suggested to be associated with higher post-transplant HCC recurrence rates and overall decreased survival, although this is based on limited real-life data. From September 2023, we condu...
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| Published in | Digestive and liver disease Vol. 57; no. 8; pp. 1639 - 1645 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Netherlands
Elsevier Ltd
01.08.2025
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1590-8658 1878-3562 1878-3562 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.dld.2025.02.014 |
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| Abstract | Liver transplantation in people living with HIV is a well-established procedure. However, HIV infection has been suggested to be associated with higher post-transplant HCC recurrence rates and overall decreased survival, although this is based on limited real-life data. From September 2023, we conducted a survey in all Italian Liver Transplant Centers to investigate real-life data regarding numbers, listing indications, percentages of post-transplant HCC recurrence, and de novo malignancies in HIV-positive subjects.
By the end of 2022, 365 subjects had received liver transplants across 13 Italian Transplant Centers. After 2009, HCC emerged as the primary indication for transplantation, accounting for 54.6 % of cases. Downstaging or bridging procedures were performed in 69.3 % of patients. Starting from 2018, the Metroticket 2.0 HCC listing criteria were utilized to prevent futile procedures. Estimated survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 84.1 %, 72.9 %, and 64.4 %, respectively. During a median follow-up of 5.5 years, the HCC recurrence rate was 18.9 %, and post-transplant diagnosis of malignancies other than HCC (de novo tumors) was unexpectedly reported in 12.1 % of subjects.
As reported by the survey, post-transplant HCC recurrences and survival rates at years 1 and 3 align with HIV-uninfected patients, while the 5-year survival rate is reduced. |
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| AbstractList | Liver transplantation in people living with HIV is a well-established procedure. However, HIV infection has been suggested to be associated with higher post-transplant HCC recurrence rates and overall decreased survival, although this is based on limited real-life data. From September 2023, we conducted a survey in all Italian Liver Transplant Centers to investigate real-life data regarding numbers, listing indications, percentages of post-transplant HCC recurrence, and de novo malignancies in HIV-positive subjects.
By the end of 2022, 365 subjects had received liver transplants across 13 Italian Transplant Centers. After 2009, HCC emerged as the primary indication for transplantation, accounting for 54.6 % of cases. Downstaging or bridging procedures were performed in 69.3 % of patients. Starting from 2018, the Metroticket 2.0 HCC listing criteria were utilized to prevent futile procedures. Estimated survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 84.1 %, 72.9 %, and 64.4 %, respectively. During a median follow-up of 5.5 years, the HCC recurrence rate was 18.9 %, and post-transplant diagnosis of malignancies other than HCC (de novo tumors) was unexpectedly reported in 12.1 % of subjects.
As reported by the survey, post-transplant HCC recurrences and survival rates at years 1 and 3 align with HIV-uninfected patients, while the 5-year survival rate is reduced. Liver transplantation in people living with HIV is a well-established procedure. However, HIV infection has been suggested to be associated with higher post-transplant HCC recurrence rates and overall decreased survival, although this is based on limited real-life data. From September 2023, we conducted a survey in all Italian Liver Transplant Centers to investigate real-life data regarding numbers, listing indications, percentages of post-transplant HCC recurrence, and de novo malignancies in HIV-positive subjects. By the end of 2022, 365 subjects had received liver transplants across 13 Italian Transplant Centers. After 2009, HCC emerged as the primary indication for transplantation, accounting for 54.6 % of cases. Downstaging or bridging procedures were performed in 69.3 % of patients. Starting from 2018, the Metroticket 2.0 HCC listing criteria were utilized to prevent futile procedures. Estimated survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 84.1 %, 72.9 %, and 64.4 %, respectively. During a median follow-up of 5.5 years, the HCC recurrence rate was 18.9 %, and post-transplant diagnosis of malignancies other than HCC (de novo tumors) was unexpectedly reported in 12.1 % of subjects. As reported by the survey, post-transplant HCC recurrences and survival rates at years 1 and 3 align with HIV-uninfected patients, while the 5-year survival rate is reduced.Liver transplantation in people living with HIV is a well-established procedure. However, HIV infection has been suggested to be associated with higher post-transplant HCC recurrence rates and overall decreased survival, although this is based on limited real-life data. From September 2023, we conducted a survey in all Italian Liver Transplant Centers to investigate real-life data regarding numbers, listing indications, percentages of post-transplant HCC recurrence, and de novo malignancies in HIV-positive subjects. By the end of 2022, 365 subjects had received liver transplants across 13 Italian Transplant Centers. After 2009, HCC emerged as the primary indication for transplantation, accounting for 54.6 % of cases. Downstaging or bridging procedures were performed in 69.3 % of patients. Starting from 2018, the Metroticket 2.0 HCC listing criteria were utilized to prevent futile procedures. Estimated survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 84.1 %, 72.9 %, and 64.4 %, respectively. During a median follow-up of 5.5 years, the HCC recurrence rate was 18.9 %, and post-transplant diagnosis of malignancies other than HCC (de novo tumors) was unexpectedly reported in 12.1 % of subjects. As reported by the survey, post-transplant HCC recurrences and survival rates at years 1 and 3 align with HIV-uninfected patients, while the 5-year survival rate is reduced. Liver transplantation in people living with HIV is a well-established procedure. However, HIV infection has been suggested to be associated with higher post-transplant HCC recurrence rates and overall decreased survival, although this is based on limited real-life data. From September 2023, we conducted a survey in all Italian Liver Transplant Centers to investigate real-life data regarding numbers, listing indications, percentages of post-transplant HCC recurrence, and de novo malignancies in HIV-positive subjects. By the end of 2022, 365 subjects had received liver transplants across 13 Italian Transplant Centers. After 2009, HCC emerged as the primary indication for transplantation, accounting for 54.6 % of cases. Downstaging or bridging procedures were performed in 69.3 % of patients. Starting from 2018, the Metroticket 2.0 HCC listing criteria were utilized to prevent futile procedures. Estimated survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 84.1 %, 72.9 %, and 64.4 %, respectively. During a median follow-up of 5.5 years, the HCC recurrence rate was 18.9 %, and post-transplant diagnosis of malignancies other than HCC (de novo tumors) was unexpectedly reported in 12.1 % of subjects. As reported by the survey, post-transplant HCC recurrences and survival rates at years 1 and 3 align with HIV-uninfected patients, while the 5-year survival rate is reduced. |
| Author | Di Benedetto, Fabrizio Londero, Angela Mazzaferro, Vincenzo Schiadà, Laura Marenco, Genova Transplant Center: Simona Malattie Infettive, SC Baroni, Ancona Transplant Center: Gianluca Svegliati De Carlis, Luciano Ettorre, Giuseppe Maria Marrone, Giuseppe Pasulo, Bergamo Transplant Center: Luisa Guaraldi, Giovanni Ghinolfi, Davide Carrai, Pisa Transplant Center: Paola Bhoori, Sherrie Ponziani, Francesca Romana Giannelli, Valerio Burra, Permanent Transplant Commission, Italian Association for the Study of the Liver: Patrizia Guglielmo, Nicola Pagano, Palermo Transplant Center: Duilio Toniutto, Udine Transplant Center: Pier Luigi Cescon, Matteo Martini, Turin Transplant Center: Silvia Tascini, Carlo D'Offizi, Gianpiero Triolo, Michela Puoti, Milan Niguarda Transplant Center: Massimo Caioli, Alessandro Carraro, Verona Transplant Center: Amedeo Visco-Comandini, Ubaldo Gruttadauria, Salvatore Caputo, Bologna Transplant Center: Francesca Trapianti, SC Chirurgia dei Guerrini, Modena Transplant Center: Gian Piero Lionetti, Rome |
| AuthorAffiliation | POIT Transplant Center, Infectious Diseases and Hepatology Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Italy |
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Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana – sequence: 21 givenname: Davide surname: Ghinolfi fullname: Ghinolfi, Davide organization: Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplant Unit. Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana – sequence: 22 givenname: Bologna Transplant Center: Francesca surname: Caputo fullname: Caputo, Bologna Transplant Center: Francesca organization: General Surgery and Transplant Unit, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital – sequence: 23 givenname: Matteo surname: Cescon fullname: Cescon, Matteo organization: General Surgery and Transplant Unit, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital – sequence: 24 givenname: Ancona Transplant Center: Gianluca Svegliati surname: Baroni fullname: Baroni, Ancona Transplant Center: Gianluca Svegliati organization: Liver Injury and Transplant Unit; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche – sequence: 25 givenname: Laura surname: Schiadà fullname: Schiadà, Laura organization: Liver Injury and Transplant Unit; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche – sequence: 26 givenname: Rome POIT Transplant Center: Raffaella surname: Lionetti fullname: Lionetti, Rome POIT Transplant Center: Raffaella organization: Division of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology – sequence: 27 givenname: Gianpiero surname: D'Offizi fullname: D'Offizi, Gianpiero organization: Division of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology – sequence: 28 givenname: Alessandro surname: Caioli fullname: Caioli, Alessandro organization: Epidemiology Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS – sequence: 29 givenname: Nicola surname: Guglielmo fullname: Guglielmo, Nicola organization: Division of General Surgery and Liver Transplantation, S. Camillo Hospital and Università di Roma La Sapienza, Dept. of Medical - Surgical Science and Translational Medicine – sequence: 30 givenname: Giuseppe Maria surname: Ettorre fullname: Ettorre, Giuseppe Maria organization: Division of General Surgery and Liver Transplantation, S. Camillo Hospital and Università di Roma La Sapienza, Dept. of Medical - Surgical Science and Translational Medicine – sequence: 31 givenname: Bergamo Transplant Center: Luisa surname: Pasulo fullname: Pasulo, Bergamo Transplant Center: Luisa organization: USC Gastroenterologia Epatologia e Medicina dei Trapianti, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital – sequence: 32 givenname: Michela surname: Triolo fullname: Triolo, Michela organization: USC Gastroenterologia Epatologia e Medicina dei Trapianti, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital – sequence: 33 givenname: Palermo Transplant Center: Duilio surname: Pagano fullname: Pagano, Palermo Transplant Center: Duilio organization: Department for the Treatment and the Study of Abdominal Diseases and Abdominal Transplantation, IRCCS-ISMETT UPMC – sequence: 34 givenname: Salvatore surname: Gruttadauria fullname: Gruttadauria, Salvatore organization: Department for the Treatment and the Study of Abdominal Diseases and Abdominal Transplantation, IRCCS-ISMETT UPMC – sequence: 35 givenname: Genova Transplant Center: Simona surname: Marenco fullname: Marenco, Genova Transplant Center: Simona organization: UOC Clinica Gastroenterologica. Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, IRCCS – sequence: 36 givenname: Verona Transplant Center: Amedeo surname: Carraro fullname: Carraro, Verona Transplant Center: Amedeo organization: USD Trapianti Epatici, DAI Chirurgia e Oncologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona – sequence: 37 givenname: Turin Transplant Center: Silvia surname: Martini fullname: Martini, Turin Transplant Center: Silvia organization: AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Presidio Molinette |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40121161$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Contributor | Di Benedetto, Fabrizio Londero, Angela Mazzaferro, Vincenzo Schiadà, Laura De Carlis, Luciano Ettorre, Giuseppe Maria Trapianti, Sc Chirurgia Dei Marrone, Giuseppe Caputo, Francesca Baroni, Gianluca Svegliati Guaraldi, Giovanni Ghinolfi, Davide Bellia, Valentina Bhoori, Sherrie Ponziani, Francesca Romana Giannelli, Valerio Martini, Silvia Carraro, Amedeo Guglielmo, Nicola Malattie Infettive, S C Burra, Patrizia Pasulo, Luisa Guerrini, Gian Piero Cescon, Matteo Tascini, Carlo Carrai, Paola Lionetti, Raffaella D'Offizi, Gianpiero Triolo, Michela Pagano, Duilio Caioli, Alessandro Toniutto, Pier Luigi Gruttadauria, Salvatore Puoti, Massimo Marenco, Simona Morelli, Maria Cristina |
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Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana – sequence: 20 givenname: Davide surname: Ghinolfi fullname: Ghinolfi, Davide organization: Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplant Unit. Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana – sequence: 21 givenname: Francesca surname: Caputo fullname: Caputo, Francesca organization: General Surgery and Transplant Unit, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital – sequence: 22 givenname: Matteo surname: Cescon fullname: Cescon, Matteo organization: General Surgery and Transplant Unit, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital – sequence: 23 givenname: Gianluca Svegliati surname: Baroni fullname: Baroni, Gianluca Svegliati organization: Liver Injury and Transplant Unit; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche – sequence: 24 givenname: Laura surname: Schiadà fullname: Schiadà, Laura organization: Liver Injury and Transplant Unit; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche – sequence: 25 givenname: Raffaella surname: Lionetti fullname: Lionetti, Raffaella organization: Division of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology – sequence: 26 givenname: Gianpiero surname: D'Offizi fullname: D'Offizi, Gianpiero organization: Division of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology – sequence: 27 givenname: Alessandro surname: Caioli fullname: Caioli, Alessandro organization: Epidemiology Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS – sequence: 28 givenname: Nicola surname: Guglielmo fullname: Guglielmo, Nicola organization: Division of General Surgery and Liver Transplantation, S. Camillo Hospital and Università di Roma La Sapienza, Dept. of Medical - Surgical Science and Translational Medicine – sequence: 29 givenname: Giuseppe Maria surname: Ettorre fullname: Ettorre, Giuseppe Maria organization: Division of General Surgery and Liver Transplantation, S. Camillo Hospital and Università di Roma La Sapienza, Dept. of Medical - Surgical Science and Translational Medicine – sequence: 30 givenname: Luisa surname: Pasulo fullname: Pasulo, Luisa organization: USC Gastroenterologia Epatologia e Medicina dei Trapianti, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital – sequence: 31 givenname: Michela surname: Triolo fullname: Triolo, Michela organization: USC Gastroenterologia Epatologia e Medicina dei Trapianti, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital – sequence: 32 givenname: Duilio surname: Pagano fullname: Pagano, Duilio organization: Department for the Treatment and the Study of Abdominal Diseases and Abdominal Transplantation, IRCCS-ISMETT UPMC – sequence: 33 givenname: Salvatore surname: Gruttadauria fullname: Gruttadauria, Salvatore organization: Department for the Treatment and the Study of Abdominal Diseases and Abdominal Transplantation, IRCCS-ISMETT UPMC – sequence: 34 givenname: Simona surname: Marenco fullname: Marenco, Simona organization: UOC Clinica Gastroenterologica. Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, IRCCS – sequence: 35 givenname: Amedeo surname: Carraro fullname: Carraro, Amedeo organization: USD Trapianti Epatici, DAI Chirurgia e Oncologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona – sequence: 36 givenname: Silvia surname: Martini fullname: Martini, Silvia organization: AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Presidio Molinette |
| Copyright | 2025 The Author(s) Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. |
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| Keywords | de-novo malignancies PLWH HCC OLT recurence |
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| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 08 year: 2025 text: 2025-08-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | Netherlands |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Netherlands |
| PublicationTitle | Digestive and liver disease |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Dig Liver Dis |
| PublicationYear | 2025 |
| Publisher | Elsevier Ltd |
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| References_xml | – volume: 17 start-page: 601 year: 2020 end-page: 614 ident: bib0004 article-title: NASH in HIV publication-title: Curr HIV/AIDS Rep – volume: 9 start-page: 1946 year: 2009 end-page: 1952 ident: bib0017 article-title: Safety and efficacy of raltegravir in HIV-infected transplant patients cotreated with immunosuppressive drugs publication-title: Am J Transplant – volume: 56 start-page: 1310 year: 2012 end-page: 1316 ident: bib0018 article-title: Comparison of two non-contemporaneous HCV-liver transplant cohorts: strategies to improve the efficacy of antiviral therapy publication-title: J Hepatol – volume: 64 start-page: 2077 year: 2016 end-page: 2088 ident: bib0023 article-title: The extended Toronto criteria for liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a prospective validation study publication-title: Hepatology – volume: 37 start-page: 296 year: 2018 end-page: 304 ident: bib0013 article-title: Influence of HIV infection on the natural history of hepatocellular carcinoma: results from a global multicohort study publication-title: J Clin Oncol – volume: 8 start-page: 873 year: 2002 end-page: 883 ident: bib0028 article-title: Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: analysis of survival according to the intention-to-treat principle and dropout from the waiting list publication-title: Liver Transpl – volume: 21 start-page: e32 year: 2021 end-page: e38 ident: bib0015 article-title: Long-term outcomes of liver transplant recipients followed up in non-transplant centres: care closer to home publication-title: Clin Med (Lond) – volume: 39 start-page: 1936 year: 2007 end-page: 1938 ident: bib0009 article-title: Liver transplantation in HIV-positive patients publication-title: Transplant Proc – reference: . 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| Snippet | Liver transplantation in people living with HIV is a well-established procedure. However, HIV infection has been suggested to be associated with higher... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adult Aged Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - epidemiology Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - mortality Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - pathology Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - surgery de-novo Female HCC HIV Infections - complications Humans Italy - epidemiology Liver Neoplasms - epidemiology Liver Neoplasms - mortality Liver Neoplasms - pathology Liver Neoplasms - surgery Liver Transplantation - statistics & numerical data Male malignancies Middle Aged Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - epidemiology OLT PLWH recurence Surveys and Questionnaires Survival Rate |
| Title | Liver transplantation in people living with HIV: An Italian nationwide survey focusing on hepatocellular carcinoma and oncologic recurrences |
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