X antigen/antibody markers in hepadnavirus infections. Presence and significance of hepadnavirus X gene product(s) in serum
The finding that X antigen is associated with hepatitis B core antigen particles and that serum hepatitis B e antigen derives from the cleavage of one or more core associated polypeptides raises the question as to whether core associated X antigen could be similarly generated and released into serum...
Saved in:
Published in | Gastroenterology (New York, N.Y. 1943) Vol. 98; no. 4; p. 1071 |
---|---|
Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
01.04.1990
|
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get more information |
Cover
Loading…
Summary: | The finding that X antigen is associated with hepatitis B core antigen particles and that serum hepatitis B e antigen derives from the cleavage of one or more core associated polypeptides raises the question as to whether core associated X antigen could be similarly generated and released into serum. To test this hypothesis, antisera raised to X antigen peptides were used to construct an enzyme-linked solid-phase immunoassay to detect X antigen in sera from patients infected with hepatitis B virus and from woodchucks infected with woodchuck hepatitis virus. X antigen was present in more than half of the individuals tested. There was a significant association between X antigen and markers of viral replication. Most individuals destined to become surface-antigen carriers had X antigen appearing before surface antigen, as did a smaller proportion of individuals transiently positive for surface antigen. A high frequency of X antigen was observed only in sera from human populations with a high frequency of other hepatitis B virus markers. These results suggest that X is a newly identified serum marker of viral replication that often appears before surface antigen in productive infections. |
---|---|
ISSN: | 0016-5085 |
DOI: | 10.1016/0016-5085(90)90035-Y |