Fabrication and characterization of nanostructured anatase TiO2 films prepared by electrochemical anodization and their photocatalytic properties

• Published in: Journal of alloys and compounds Vol. 651; pp. 59 - 71
• Main Authors: Yurddaskal, Metin, Dikici, Tuncay, Yildirim, Serdar, Yurddaskal, Melis, Toparli, Mustafa, Celik, Erdal
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V 05.12.2015
• Subjects: Anodization parameters; Methylene blue; Photocatalytic activity; Surface morphology; TiO2 thin films; Photocatalytic activity; TiO2 thin films; Anodization parameters; Surface morphology; Methylene blue
• ISSN: 0925-8388; 1873-4669
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.08.064

In this study, nanostructured anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2) films were fabricated by electrochemical anodization of titanium first, and then annealed at 500 °C for 2 h. Effect of electrolyte concentration, anodization time and electrolyte temperature on the surface morphology of the resulting TiO2 thin films were investigated. The phase structures, surface morphology and chemical composition were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The photocatalytic activity tests of the samples were evaluated by the degradation of aqueous methylene blue (MB) solutions under UV light illumination for different periods of time. The results showed that the structure of nanostructured TiO2 films depended strongly on the anodization parameters. It was found that there were micro-scale pores (<10 μm) and nano-scale pores (diameter in the range from 40 to 70 nm) on the anodized titanium surfaces. This study indicated that structures, surface morphology, and surface area of the nanostructured anatase TiO2 films played an important role on their photocatalytic performance. The results clearly proved that nanostructured anatase TiO2 film prepared with optimum process parameters resulted in enhancement of the photocatalytic activity. [Display omitted] •TiO2 thin films were prepared on titanium substrates by electrochemical anodization at 30 V.•Effect of various anodization parameters on the photocatalytic activity of titanium was investigated.•Micro- and nanoscale TiO2 pores formed on the titanium by anodizing.•Surface morphology of the TiO2 films plays an important role on the photocatalytic performance.•The sample anodized for 240 min showed the highest photocatalytic activity.