Circulating long noncoding RNA act as potential novel biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of non‐small cell lung cancer

• Published in: Molecular oncology Vol. 12; no. 5; pp. 648 - 658
• Main Authors: Xie, Yujiao, Zhang, Yi, Du, Lutao, Jiang, Xiumei, Yan, Suzhen, Duan, Weili, Li, Juan, Zhan, Yao, Wang, Lili, Zhang, Shujun, Li, Shuhai, Wang, Lishui, Xu, Shuo, Wang, Chuanxin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.05.2018; John Wiley and Sons Inc; Wiley
• Subjects: Antigens; Antisense RNA; Biological markers; Biomarkers; Cancer therapies; CEA (Oncology); Chemotherapy; Diagnosis; Health aspects; Laboratories; long noncoding RNA; Lung cancer; Lung cancer, Non-small cell; Lung cancer, Small cell; Medical prognosis; Metastases; Metastasis; Non-small cell lung carcinoma; non‐small cell lung cancer; Prognosis; Radiation therapy; Ribonucleic acid; RNA; serum; Small cell lung carcinoma; Studies; Survival analysis; Transcription; tumor biomarker; Tumor markers; Tumors; Taiwan; United States > US; China; Singapore; non-small cell lung cancer; long noncoding RNA; diagnosis; serum; tumor biomarker; prognosis
• ISSN: 1574-7891; 1878-0261; 1878-0261
• DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12188

Lung cancer is the first leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer. Increasing evidence shows that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) are capable of modulating tumor initiation, proliferation and metastasis. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate whether circulating lncRNA could be used as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of NSCLC. Expression profiles of 14 lncRNA selected from other studies were validated in 20 pairs of tissues by quantitative real‐time PCR, and the dysregulated lncRNA thus identified were further validated in serum samples from two independent cohorts along with three tumor makers (CEA, CYFRA21‐1, and SCCA). Receiver‐operating characteristic analysis was utilized to estimate the diagnostic efficiency of the candidate lncRNA and tumor markers. Importantly, we observed an association between lncRNA expression and overall survival (OS) rate of NSCLC. The expressions of SOX2 overlapping transcript (SOX2OT) and ANRIL were obviously upregulated in NSCLC tissues and serum samples compared with normal controls (P < 0.01). Based on the data from the training set, we next used a logistic regression model to construct an NSCLC diagnostic panel consisting of two lncRNA and three tumor markers. The area under the curve of this panel was 0.853 (95% confidence interval = 0.804–0.894, sensitivity = 77.1%, specificity = 79.2%), and this was distinctly superior to any biomarker alone (all at P < 0.05). Similar results were observed in the validation set. Intriguingly, Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated that low expressions of SOX2OT and ANRIL were both associated with higher OS rate (P = 0.008 and 0.017, respectively), and SOX2OT could be used as an independent prognostic factor (P = 0.036). Taken together, our study demonstrated that the newly developed diagnostic panel consisting of SOX2OT, ANRIL, CEA, CYFRA21‐1, and SCCA could be valuable in NSCLC diagnosis. LncRNA SOX2OT and ANRIL might be ideal biomarkers for NSCLC prognosis. Evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs are capable of modulating tumor initiation, proliferation, and metastasis. Here, we demonstrate the use of a newly developed diagnostic panel consisting of SOX2OT, ANRIL, CEA, CYFRA21‐1, and SCCA, and its potential to be a valuable biomarker for the diagnosis and prognostic prediction of patients with non‐small cell lung cancer.