Macrophage Activation Marker Soluble CD163 Associated with Fatal and Severe Ebola Virus Disease in Humans

Ebola virus disease (EVD) is associated with elevated cytokine levels, and hypercytokinemia is more pronounced in fatal cases. This type of hyperinflammatory state is reminiscent of 2 rheumatologic disorders known as macrophage activation syndrome and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, which are ch...

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Published inEmerging infectious diseases Vol. 25; no. 2; pp. 290 - 298
Main Authors McElroy, Anita K, Shrivastava-Ranjan, Punya, Harmon, Jessica R, Martines, Roosecelis B, Silva-Flannery, Luciana, Flietstra, Timothy D, Kraft, Colleen S, Mehta, Aneesh K, Lyon, G. Marshall, Varkey, Jay B, Ribner, Bruce S, Nichol, Stuart T, Zaki, Sherif R, Spiropoulou, Christina F
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published U.S. National Center for Infectious Diseases 01.02.2019
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Subjects
Analysis
Antibodies
Antigens
Cytokines
Ebola
Ebola hemorrhagic fever
Ebola virus
HLH
Immune response
inflammation
macrophage
Macrophages
MAS
Public health
T cells
Virus diseases
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Summary:Ebola virus disease (EVD) is associated with elevated cytokine levels, and hypercytokinemia is more pronounced in fatal cases. This type of hyperinflammatory state is reminiscent of 2 rheumatologic disorders known as macrophage activation syndrome and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, which are characterized by macrophage and T-cell activation. An evaluation of 2 cohorts of patients with EVD revealed that a marker of macrophage activation (sCD163) but not T-cell activation (sCD25) was associated with severe and fatal EVD. Furthermore, substantial immunoreactivity of host tissues to a CD163-specific antibody, predominantly in areas of extensive immunostaining for Ebola virus antigens, was observed in fatal cases. These data suggest that host macrophage activation contributes to EVD pathogenesis and that directed antiinflammatory therapies could be beneficial in the treatment of EVD.
ISSN:1080-6040
1080-6059
DOI:10.3201/eid2502.181326