Recent Electrochemical Advancements for Liquid-Biopsy Nucleic Acid Detection for Point-of-Care Prostate Cancer Diagnostics and Prognostics

• Published in: Biosensors (Basel) Vol. 14; no. 9; p. 443
• Main Authors: Broomfield, Joseph, Kalofonou, Melpomeni, Bevan, Charlotte L, Georgiou, Pantelis
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01.09.2024; MDPI
• Subjects: Acids; Biomarkers; Biomarkers, Tumor; Biopsy; Biosensing Techniques; Cancer; Development and progression; Diagnosis; EIS; Electric potential; Electric properties; electrochemical devices; Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; Electrochemical Techniques; Electrochemistry; Field effect transistors; Humans; Kinases; Laboratories; Liquid Biopsy; Male; Methylene blue; Nucleic Acids; point of care; Point-of-Care Systems; Prognosis; Prostate cancer; Prostatic Neoplasms - diagnosis; Review; RNA; Semiconductor devices; Spectroscopy; voltammetry; ISFET; prostate cancer; voltammetry; chronoamperometry; electrochemical devices; point of care; field-effect transistors; nucleic acids; EIS
• ISSN: 2079-6374; 2079-6374
• DOI: 10.3390/bios14090443

Current diagnostic and prognostic tests for prostate cancer require specialised laboratories and have low specificity for prostate cancer detection. As such, recent advancements in electrochemical devices for point of care (PoC) prostate cancer detection have seen significant interest. Liquid-biopsy detection of relevant circulating and exosomal nucleic acid markers presents the potential for minimally invasive testing. In combination, electrochemical devices and circulating DNA and RNA detection present an innovative approach for novel prostate cancer diagnostics, potentially directly within the clinic. Recent research in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, voltammetry, chronoamperometry and potentiometric sensing using field-effect transistors will be discussed. Evaluation of the PoC relevance of these techniques and their fulfilment of the WHO's REASSURED criteria for medical diagnostics is described. Further areas for exploration within electrochemical PoC testing and progression to clinical implementation for prostate cancer are assessed.