Regulation of nitrogen isotopic ratios of cellular components

• Published in: Progress in earth and planetary science Vol. 11; no. 1; pp. 44 - 12
• Main Authors: Ohkouchi, Naohiko, Isaji, Yuta, Ogawa, Nanako O.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.12.2024; Springer Nature B.V; SpringerOpen
• Subjects: 5. Biogeosciences; Amino acids; Atmospheric Sciences; Biogeochemistry; Biogeosciences; Biosphere; Cell; Chlorophylls; Earth; Earth and Environmental Science; Earth Sciences; Geophysics/Geodesy; Hydrogeology; Isotopes and Organics; Nitrogen; Nitrogen isotopic ratio; Planetology; Research Article; Amino acids; Nitrogen isotopic ratio; Cell; Chlorophylls
• ISSN: 2197-4284
• DOI: 10.1186/s40645-024-00646-7

This paper is an attempt to generalize the nitrogen isotope information of the molecules that make up the cell from our point of view. Nitrogen in the cell exists as 20 proteinaceous amino acids, nucleobases, hemes, chlorophylls, and others, and their composition is similar among organisms. Based on a physiologically simple autonomous system that maintains a balance between inputs and outputs, it is theoretically predicted that 15 N is distributed to each cellular compound with a certain regularity, and thus a specific relationship in nitrogen isotopic ratios among compounds. Previous studies essentially confirm this. The nitrogen isotopic ratio of compound i constituting the cell can be generalized as δ 15 N i  =  δ 15 N plant  +  Δ i ( TP  − 1) +  γ i , where TP represents the trophic position, and Δ i and γ i are the trophic discrimination factor and the intracellular 15 N distribution of compound i , respectively. Knowing reliable values of Δ i and γ i will help us to better understand nitrogen dynamics in the biosphere and advance our understanding of the picture of the Earth’s environment through biogeochemistry.