Oral lesions in Saudi renal transplant patients

• Published in: Saudi journal of kidney diseases and transplantation Vol. 20; no. 1; pp. 20 - 29
• Main Authors: al-Muhayya, Maha Ali, Bin Salih, Salih, al-Khudayr, Walid, Darwazah, Azmi Muhammad Ghalib
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation 2009; Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd; Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Calcium Channel Blockers - adverse effects; Candidiasis, Oral - etiology; Care and treatment; Complications; Cyclosporine; Cyclosporine - adverse effects; Diagnoses; Diseases; Female; Gingival overgrowth; Gingival Overgrowth - etiology; Hairy leukoplakia; Humans; Immunosuppression; Immunosuppression - adverse effects; Immunotherapy; Kidney diseases; Kidney transplant; Kidney Transplantation - adverse effects; Kidneys; Leukoplakia, Hairy - etiology; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth; Mouth Diseases - epidemiology; Mouth Diseases - etiology; Nifedipine; Oral candidiasis; Oral Hygiene; Prevalence; Risk factors; Saudi Arabia - epidemiology; Somatotropin; Transplantation; الأمراض; التشخيص; الفشل الكلوي; الفم; الكلى; اللسان; المرضى; المضاعفات; زرع الأعضاء; Saudi Arabia
• ISSN: 1319-2442; 2320-3838

Renal transplantation has evolved as the best treatment option for patients with end­stage renal disease. Different oral problems arise in these patients, either as a direct consequence of drug-induced immunosuppression or pharmacokinetics. To determine the prevalence of intra-oral lesions in a group of medically stable Saudi renal transplant patients (RTP) and to identify possible risk factors, in comparison with age and sex-matched healthy control subjects (HCS), we studied 58 RTP and 52 HCS. All subjects had a thorough oral examination and oral lesions were diagnosed according to the clinically accepted criteria. Gingival overgrowth (GO), erythematous candidiasis (EC) and hairy leukoplakia (HL) were diagnosed in RTP with prevalence of 74.1%, 15.5%, and 8.6%, respectively. The severity of the gingival overgrowth significantly correlated with the use of cyclosporine and nifedipine combination therapy, serum cyclosporine, and serum creatinine level. In conclusions, the finding of our study strongly propose that RTP should undergo routine and regular comprehensive oral examination, and any suspicious lesion must be investigate and treated.