Visceral Adiposity and Neutralizing Antibody Expression: An Adult-Based Cross-Sectional Study

• Published in: Journal of inflammation research Vol. 17; pp. 5633 - 5643
• Main Authors: Wang, Huanhuan, Xiao, Dan, Zhou, Hua, Chen, Shu, Xiao, Guangjun, Hu, Juan, Quan, Hui, Luo, Miao, Zhang, Shaocheng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New Zealand Dove Medical Press Limited 31.08.2024; Dove Medical Press
• Subjects: Adipose tissues; Antibodies; B cells; chinese visceral adiposity index; chronic inflammation; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; Health aspects; immune function; Inflammation; Medical personnel; Medical research; Medicine, Experimental; neutralizing antibody; Risk factors; sars-cov-2 vaccine; Vaccination; Viral antibodies; China; SARS-CoV-2 vaccine; neutralizing antibody; Chinese visceral adiposity index; immune function; chronic inflammation
• ISSN: 1178-7031; 1178-7031
• DOI: 10.2147/JIR.S477526

Visceral adiposity is a significant risk factor for severe COVID-19. However, the impact of the Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) on the efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines remains poorly understood. This study aims to explore the impact of CVAI on the production of neutralizing antibodies (NAb) in inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and the potential mechanism, thereby optimizing vaccination guidance. In this cross-sectional study, 206 health workers (completed two SARS-CoV-2 vaccination on February 8th and March 10th, 2021, respectively) were recruited. All baseline anthropometric parameters of the participants were collected, and venous blood samples were obtained 6 weeks later to measure peripheral innate immune cells, inflammatory cytokines, and NAb titers against SARS-CoV-2. CVAI were calculated according to the formula and divided participants into two groups depending on CVAI median. The median NAb titer among healthcare workers was 12.94 AU/mL, with an efficacy of 87.86% for the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. NAb titers were lower in the CVAI dysfunction group than in the CVAI reference group (median: 11.40 AU/mL vs 15.57 AU/mL), the hsCRP levels (median: 0.50 mg/L vs 0.30 mg/L) and peripheral monocyte count (mean: 0.47 × 10 /L vs 0.42 × 10 /L) in the CVAI dysfunction group were higher than in the CVAI reference group. Additionally, CVAI showed positive correlations with hsCRP, monocytes, lymphocytes, and B-lymphocytes, and a negative correlation with NAb titers. CVAI may inhibit SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody expression through inducing immune dysfunction and chronic inflammation. Thus, more attention should be paid to the vaccination for high CVAI population to improve the effectiveness of vaccination, which could provide more robust support for COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control.