Fulminant myocarditis caused by influenza B virus in a male child: a case report and literature review

Background Influenza B virus induced myocarditis is a rare complication with potentially wide variations in severity and clinical presentation, and the pathogenesis is unclear. Case presentation We describe a rare case of a 7-year-old boy who developed fulminant myocarditis (FM) due to influenza B v...

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Published inJournal of cardiothoracic surgery Vol. 19; no. 1; pp. 1 - 7
Main Authors Tian, Fei, Xiao, Yi, Peng, Zhekang, Zhang, Lingyun, Ni, Fu, Gui, Shengmin, Fan, Yuqing, Xi, Zuyang, Zhang, Zhaohui
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London BioMed Central Ltd 24.08.2024
BioMed Central
BMC
Subjects
Antiviral agents
B cells
Cardiac arrest
Care and treatment
Case reports
Dehydrogenases
Development and progression
Electrocardiography
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Fulminant myocarditis
Globulins
Health aspects
Health services
Heart diseases
Heart failure
Hypotheses
Infections
Influenza
Influenza B
Influenza B virus
Kinases
Literature reviews
Lymphocytes
Mechanical ventilation
Myocarditis
Oxygenation
Pathogenesis
Patients
Pediatrics
Sulbactam
Swine flu
Thymocytes
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Vasoactive agents
Viral infections
Viral myocarditis
Viruses
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Summary:Background Influenza B virus induced myocarditis is a rare complication with potentially wide variations in severity and clinical presentation, and the pathogenesis is unclear. Case presentation We describe a rare case of a 7-year-old boy who developed fulminant myocarditis (FM) due to influenza B virus infection. Treatment measures included mechanical ventilation, vasoactive agents, Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT), anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anti-infection, and enteral nutrition support. After 10 days of treatment, the patient succumbed to multiorgan failure. Conclusions After a systematic review of the literature, we found that this disease predominantly affects females, with pediatric cases exceedingly rare. Fulminant myocarditis (FM) progresses rapidly, poses significant treatment challenges sporadic, and carries a poor prognosis. Interestingly, literature reports suggest that anti-thymocyte globulin therapy may have a positive impact in treating FM, potentially offering new insights into its pathogenesis and clinical management. Keywords: Myocarditis, Influenza B virus, Viral myocarditis, Fulminant myocarditis
Bibliography:ObjectType-Case Study-2
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ISSN:1749-8090
1749-8090
DOI:10.1186/s13019-024-02997-0