CARDIO-RESPIRATORY SYSTEM IN LATE REHABILITATION PERIOD AFTER CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT SURGERY

• Published in: Rossiĭskiĭ kardiologicheskiĭ zhurnal no. 3; pp. 51 - 55
• Main Authors: E. Yu. Sabirova, E. N. Chicherina
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Russian
• Published: FIRMA «SILICEA» LLC 01.06.2012
• Subjects: cardiorespiratory system; coronary artery bypass graft surgery; coronary heart disease
• ISSN: 1560-4071; 2618-7620

Aim. To identify specific features of cardio-respiratory status in the late rehabilitation period after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Material and methods. The study included 25 men (mean age 55,7±6,1 years), who underwent CABG more than 3 years ago. Functional class (FC) of angina and heart failure (HF) was assessed. Cardiovascular status was assessed using echocardiography (EchoCG) and Holter electrocardiography (ECG) monitoring. Lung function (LF) measurement was used for the assessment of respiratory status. Results. Before CABG, most patients had FC 3 angina and Stage II HF; in the late rehabilitation period, low FC angina and Stage I HF (in >50% of the participants) were registered. Five-year incidence of recurrent angina was under 50%. Prior to CABG, FC 2 HF was the most prevalent, while the late rehabilitation period was characterised by the highest prevalence of FC 1 HF. According to EchoCG results, left ventricular (LV) myocardial contractility improved after CABG. In the late rehabilitation period, the number of supraventricular extrasystoles decreased, and the Lown grade of ventricular extrasystoles reduced. An increase in QT interval by 4,4±3,2% was observed in 8 patients. At Holter ECG, myocardial ischemia was registered in 2 patients. Mean LF parameters appeared normal; abnormal LF results were observed only in 4 participants (16%; 2 with obstructive respiratory dysfunction and 2 with restrictive respiratory dysfunction). Out of 25 examined post-CABG patients, only a small number followed the recommendations on non-pharmaceutical therapy, while administered pharmaceutical treatment was received by all participants (monotherapy by 8% (n=2) and combination therapy by 92%). Conclusion. In the late rehabilitation period after CABG, angina and HF FC decreased (in 88% and 64% of the patients, respectively), no ischemic episodes were registered at Holter ECG (92%), LV myocardial contractility improved, and respiratory function was preserved. All participants followed the recommendations on complex pharmaceutical therapy. However, 68% did not follow the nonpharmaceutical treatment recommendations.