Les Activités Anthropiques, Sources de Pollutions Chimiques des Rivières Sô et Djonou Tributaires du lac Nokoué

• Published in: European Scientific Journal (Kocani) Vol. 28
• Main Authors: Atchichoe, Wilfrid Noudéhouénou, Dovonou, Flavien Edia, Adandedji, Firmin, Dansou, Sourou Barthélémy, Eninhou, Firmin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 08.04.2024
• ISSN: 1857-7881; 1857-7431
• DOI: 10.19044/esipreprint.4.2024.p429

Anthropogenic activities are the main sources of pollution of hydrosystems. The purpose of this study is to inventory the various pressures exerted on the tributaries (Sô and Djonou) of Lake Nokoué. Thus, previous studies on the quality of these rivers are put to use and are supplemented by an observation survey according to a scientific approach which has made it possible to have a broad knowledge of the different pressures exerted on the two rivers. The Schwarz formula (Kresic, 2007) and the RGPH4 data made it possible to submit 255 households living in the immediate and close perimeters of the two rivers (Sô and Djonou) to a survey questionnaire. Eleven districts, namely seven (Sô-Ava, Veky, houédo aguékon, dékanmè, ganvié 1, ganvié 2 and Ahomey Lokpo) in the commune of Sô-Ava and four (Godomey, Togba, ouédo and Hêvié) in the commune of Abomey -Calavi home to the two rivers are covered and an average of twenty-four (24) households per district are submitted to the questionnaire. The analysis of the data was accentuated around themes such as: Presence or not of a sanitation system, waste management method, various activities likely to pollute the rivers, frequent cases of illnesses and computer processing is done via an Excel spreadsheet. As a result: Lake Nokoué and its tributaries are subject to chemical, bacteriological and organic pollution, mainly due to anthropogenic activities (previous studies); then, 64% of households do not have a sanitation system and practice open defecation; 72% of households mismanage waste; 20% of households use NPK fertilizer in agriculture and market gardening in the immediate and near perimeter of the Sô and Djonou rivers; 69% of households water livestock directly from the river; 3% of households trade in fuels with the risk of these petroleum products spilling into rivers causing heavy chemical pollution; 14.41% of households use acadja branches and products (1.80% of households) as a means of fishing; 80.7% of households repeatedly suffer from the following diseases: malaria, chronic diarrhea, skin infections Finally, the people want continuous awareness-raising to be made about them and seek the support of the central state/NGO to build more sanitation facilities and properly manage waste in order to reduce the various cases of disease.