Synthesis and application of magnetic graphene oxide covalent organic framework composite for extraction of anabolic androgenic steroids and β-agonists in animal urine and tissue samples

• Published in: Journal of food composition and analysis Vol. 135; p. 106630
• Main Authors: Wang, Han, Wang, Hui, Qiu, Tian, Zhao, Xiaoya, Yang, Qing, Wan, Ying, Shang, Yingzhu, Wang, Peng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Inc 01.11.2024
• Subjects: High sensitivity analysis; Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; Magnetic solid phase extraction; Magnetic solid phase extraction; Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; High sensitivity analysis
• ISSN: 0889-1575
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2024.106630

In this work, a magnetic graphene oxide covalent organic framework composite was synthesized and utilized as an effective sorbent for magnetic solid phase extraction. A comprehensive investigation was conducted to optimize the extraction conditions, including sample pH, sample volume, adsorbent amount, adsorption time, choice of elution solution, elution volume, elution time, and ionic strength. Subsequently, the developed extraction method was combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the detection of 7 anabolic androgenic steroids and 4 β-agonists. Under the optimized condition, the limits of detection for the 7 anabolic androgenic steroids and 4 β-agonists ranged from 0.5 to 2 ng L−1, with relative standard deviations varying from 4.18 % to 12.4 % at a concentration of 0.025 μg L−1. Calibration curves were established using the peak area of analytes at concentrations spanning 5–500 ng L−1, resulting in correlation coefficients within the range of 0.9949–0.9989. The enrichment factors achieved through magnetic solid phase extraction were found to be 91.4–97.3. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of target analytes in hog urine, bovine urine, beef, mutton, pig liver and pork powder samples. Ractopamine and clenbuterol were identified in the pork powder (quality control sample) at concentrations of 21.0 μg kg−1 and 42.6 μg kg−1, respectively. The proposed method is a sensitive, reliable, and convenient analytical method for anabolic androgenic steroids and β-agonists monitoring in animal urine and tissues. [Display omitted] •The newly magnetic composite was synthesized.•The MSPE pretreatment was simple, rapid, and resilient to matrix interference.•The MSPE-LC-MS/MS method was developed and proved to be sensitive, simple and rapid.•MSPE-LC-MS/MS detected AASs and β-agonists in animal urine and tissues.