An overview of Avian Influenza in Colombia: A One Health Perspective on Surveillance, Intervention, and Policy Integration

• Published in: Revista Colombiana de Ciencias pecuarias Vol. 38; no. 4
• Main Author: Ciuoderis, Karl A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 2025
• ISSN: 0120-0690; 2256-2958
• DOI: 10.17533/udea.rccp.e357741

Avian influenza (AI) remains a significant global health issue, threatening animal and human populations. While only type A influenza viruses (IAV) are known to infect birds naturally, various combinations of IAV subtypes have been discovered in avian species. This paper consolidates existing research to offer a comprehensive view of the avian flu situation in Colombia. It emphasizes the significance of embracing a comprehensive One Health approach and recognizes the interconnected nature of human, animal, and environmental health. Through enhanced collaboration among veterinary, medical, and ecological sectors, the manuscript advocates for a proactive strategy to monitor, mitigate, and respond to AI outbreaks. This document also highlights the role of migratory birds in potentially spreading AI across borders, underscoring the necessity for international cooperation and interdisciplinary efforts to monitor bird migration patterns, strengthen surveillance measures, and minimize transmission risks. The review identifies potential hotspots and vulnerable regions susceptible to highly pathogenic AI outbreaks based on specific cases within Colombia. Insights gathered from this analysis can guide targeted interventions, including early detection systems, vaccination drives, and community engagement initiatives. Ultimately, this work emphasizes the importance of integrating AI considerations into public health policies. By embracing One Health principles, policymakers can better anticipate and mitigate the impact of potential outbreaks, safeguarding both animal and human populations. The manuscript offers valuable insights into the multifaceted challenges of AI in Colombia and contributes to the global discourse on One Health strategies.