Regulation of biofilm formation in P seudomonas and B urkholderia species
In the present review, we describe and compare the molecular mechanisms that are involved in the regulation of biofilm formation by P seudomonas putida, P seudomonas fluorescens, P seudomonas aeruginosa and B urkholderia cenocepacia . Our current knowledge suggests that biofilm formation is regu...
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Published in | Environmental microbiology Vol. 16; no. 7; pp. 1961 - 1981 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
01.07.2014
|
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | In the present review, we describe and compare the molecular mechanisms that are involved in the regulation of biofilm formation by
P
seudomonas putida,
P
seudomonas fluorescens,
P
seudomonas aeruginosa
and
B
urkholderia cenocepacia
. Our current knowledge suggests that biofilm formation is regulated by cyclic diguanosine‐5′‐monophosphate (
c‐di‐GMP
), small
RNAs
(
sRNA
) and quorum sensing (
QS
) in all these bacterial species. The systems that employ c‐di‐GMP as a second messenger regulate the production of exopolysaccharides and surface proteins which function as extracellular matrix components in the biofilms formed by the bacteria. The systems that make use of sRNAs appear to regulate the production of exopolysaccharide biofilm matrix material in all these species. In the pseudomonads,
QS
regulates the production of extracellular
DNA
, lectins and biosurfactants which all play a role in biofilm formation. In
B
. cenocepacia
QS
regulates the expression of a large surface protein, lectins and extracellular
DNA
that all function as biofilm matrix components. Although the three regulatory systems all regulate the production of factors used for biofilm formation, the molecular mechanisms involved in transducing the signals into expression of the biofilm matrix components differ between the species. Under the conditions tested, exopolysaccharides appears to be the most important biofilm matrix components for
P
. aeruginosa
, whereas large surface proteins appear to be the most important biofilm matrix components for
P
. putida,
P
. fluorescens,
and
B
. cenocepacia
. |
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ISSN: | 1462-2912 1462-2920 |
DOI: | 10.1111/1462-2920.12448 |