Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacteriosis in Nagasaki, Japan

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 10; no. 5; p. e0128304
• Main Authors: Ide, Shotaro, Nakamura, Shigeki, Yamamoto, Yoshihiro, Kohno, Yoshihisa, Fukuda, Yuichi, Ikeda, Hideki, Sasaki, Eisuke, Yanagihara, Katsunori, Higashiyama, Yasuhito, Hashiguchi, Kohji, Futsuki, Yoji, Inoue, Yuichi, Fukushima, Kiyoyasu, Suyama, Naofumi, Kohno, Shigeru
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 28.05.2015; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Analysis; Body mass; Body Mass Index; Body size; Care and treatment; Chemotherapy; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Complications and side effects; Critical care; Development and progression; Epidemiology; Female; Geographical variations; Health insurance; HIV; Hospitals; Human immunodeficiency virus; Humans; Identification methods; Immunization; Incidence; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infections; Infectious diseases; Japan - epidemiology; Lung diseases; Male; Medical imaging; Medical prognosis; Medical records; Medicine; Microbiology; Middle Aged; Mycobacteriosis; Mycobacterium; Mycobacterium avium; Mycobacterium avium Complex - isolation & purification; Mycobacterium avium Complex - physiology; Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection - diagnosis; Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection - diagnostic imaging; Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection - epidemiology; Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection - pathology; Patients; Radiography; Respiratory diseases; Respiratory tract diseases; Risk factors; Sex Factors; Tuberculosis; University graduates; Japan
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128304

Recent reports indicate that the incidence of nontuberculous mycobacterial-lung disease (NTM-LD) is increasing. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology and clinical features of NTM-LD patients in Nagasaki prefecture, Japan to identify the negative prognostic factors for NTM-LD in Japan. The medical records of patients newly diagnosed with NTM-LD in eleven hospitals in Nagasaki prefecture between January 2001 and February 2010 were reviewed. Data regarding the annual population of each region and the incidence of all forms of tuberculosis were collected to assess geographic variations in NTM-LD incidence, isolates, and radiological features. A total 975 patients were diagnosed with NTM-LD. The incidence increased over the study period and reached 11.0 and 10.1 per 100,000 population in 2008 and 2009, respectively. M. intracellulare was the most common pathogen in the southern region, and M. avium most common in other regions. The most common radiographic pattern was the nodular-bronchiectatic pattern. Age >60 years, body mass index <18.5 kg/m2, underlying lung disease, and cavitary pattern were the negative prognostic factors at the 1-year follow-up. The incidence of NTM-LD has been increasing in Nagasaki prefecture. The isolates and radiographic features of patients vary markedly by region.