Novel method to analyze cell kinetics for the rapid diagnosis and determination of the causative agent in allergy

• Published in: PLOS ONE Vol. 16; no. 2; p. e0246125
• Main Authors: Shibaguchi, Hirotomo, Yasutaka, Yuki, Futagami, Koujiro
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science (PLoS) 19.02.2021; Public Library of Science
• Subjects: Allergens; Allergies; Allergy; Antigens; Biochemistry; Biology and Life Sciences; Case-Control Studies; Causes of; Cell adhesion & migration; Cell Movement; Chemokines; Chemotactic Factors; Computer and Information Sciences; Cytodiagnosis; Cytokines; Diagnosis; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug allergy; Drug Hypersensitivity; Early Diagnosis; Editing; Engineering and Technology; Flow Cytometry; Funding; Genetic screening; Granulocytes; Health care; Histocompatibility antigen HLA; Hospitals; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Inflammation; Jurkat Cells; Leukocytes; Lymphocytes; Medical diagnosis; Medicine; Medicine and Health Sciences; Metabolites; Methods; Patients; Pharmaceutical sciences; Pharmaceuticals; Pharmacy; Q; R; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Science; Sensitivity and Specificity; Testing; Time Factors; Japan; United States > US
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246125

Drug-induced allergy (DIA), an unexpectedly triggered side effect of drugs used for therapeutic purposes, is a serious clinical issue that needs to be resolved because it interrupts the treatment of the primary disease. Since conventional allergy testing is insufficient to accurately predict the occurrence of DIA or to determine the drugs causing it, the development of diagnostic and predictive tools for allergic reactions is important. We demonstrated a novel method, termed high-sensitive allergy test (HiSAT), for the rapid diagnosis of allergy (within 1 hr; with true-positive diagnosis rates of 89% and 9% for patients with and without allergy-like symptoms, respectively). HiSAT analyzes the cell kinetics as an index against chemotactic factors in a patient’s serum, as different from the diagnosis using conventional methods. Once allergy has occurred, HiSAT can be used to determine the causative medicine using culture supernatants incubated with the subject’s lymphocytes and the test allergen. This test is more efficient (60%) than the lymphocyte transformation test (20%). Furthermore, in HiSAT, cell mobility significantly increases in a dose-dependent manner against supernatant incubated with lymphocytes from a subject with pollinosis collected at a time when the subject is without allergic symptoms and the antigen. The result demonstraed that HiSAT might be a promising method to rapidly diagnose DIA or to determine with high accuracy the antigen causing allergy.