Od zviadistů ke gruzínskému snu: volatilita a parlamentní volby v gruzínskem Džavacheti v letech 1992-2020

• Published in: Politické vedy Vol. 27; no. 1; pp. 79 - 107
• Main Authors: Štěpáník, Stanislav, Kopeček, Vincent
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Czech; English
• Published: Matej Bel University 24.06.2024; Univerzita Mateja Bela
• Subjects: Political Sciences; Political Theory; Politics; Cleavages; Pedersen Index; Electoral Volatility; Ethnic Minorities; SamtskheJavaketi
• ISSN: 1335-2741; 1338-5623
• DOI: 10.24040/politickevedy.2024.27.1.79-107

This study addresses the longstanding instability of the Georgian party-political scene, which has significantly shaped the nation's electoral dynamics. This instability primarily arises from the organization of parties centered around the popularity of their leaders. Starting with Gamsakhurdia and further strengthened by Shevardnadze and Saakashvili, this trend has begun to wane in the last decade. The consequences of this unstable system, established in the 1990s, are still evident, with Georgian elections often swayed by economic-populist projects led by charismatic leaders. Focusing specifically on Javakheti, this research examines how the Armenian minority's loyalty to the ruling party can be attributed to the party's charismatic leadership and connections with elites in Tbilisi. However, election results indicate a declining support for the ruling party in this region, reflecting a shift in political culture. The study explores the internal structure of voting behavior in Javakheti and highlights the influence of ethnic differences on political preferences. The conclusions drawn provide insights into the social control exercised by patrons, the dynamics of group versus individual rational choice, the impact of ethnic homogeneity and settlement concentration, the spatial influence on politics, and the legal framework governing the political mobilization of the ethnic minority.