Limiting voltage and capacity fade of lithium-rich, low cobalt Li 1.2 Ni 0.13 Mn 0.54 Fe 0.1 Co 0.03 O 2 by controlling the upper cut-off voltage

• Published in: RSC advances Vol. 13; no. 49; pp. 34416 - 34426
• Main Authors: El Halya, Nabil, Kerroumi, Mohamed, Elmaataouy, El Houcine, Amarray, Amina, Aqil, Mohamed, Alami, Jones, Dahbi, Mouad
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 22.11.2023
• ISSN: 2046-2069; 2046-2069
• DOI: 10.1039/D3RA06873K

A new Li 1.2 Ni 0.13 Mn 0.54 Fe 0.1 Co 0.03 O 2 material with a higher content of Fe and lower content of Co was designed via a simple sol–gel method. Moreover, the effect of upper cut-off voltage on the structural stability, capacity and voltage retention was studied. The Li 1.2 Ni 0.13 Mn 0.54 Fe 0.1 Co 0.03 O 2 electrode delivers a discharge capacity of 250 mA h g −1 with good capacity retention and coulombic efficiency at 4.6 V cut-off voltage. Importantly, improved voltage retention of 94% was achieved. Ex situ XRD and Raman proved that the electrodes cycled at 4.8 V cut-off voltage showed huge structural conversion from layered-to-spinel explaining the poor capacity and voltage retention at this cut-off voltage. In addition, ex situ FT-IR demonstrates that the upper cut-off voltage of 4.8 V exhibits a higher intensity of SEI-related peaks than 4.6 V, suggesting that reducing the upper cut-off voltage can inhibit the growth of the SEI layer. In addition, when the Li 1.2 Ni 0.13 Mn 0.54 Fe 0.1 Co 0.03 O 2 cathode was paired with a synthesized phosphorus-doped TiO 2 anode (P-doped TiO 2 ) in a complete battery cell, it exhibits good capacity and cycling stability at 1C rate. The material developed in this study represents a promising approach for designing high-performance Li-rich, low cobalt cathodes for next-generation lithium-ion batteries.