Dyadic Isolation in Social Interactions: The Role of Depressive Symptoms

• Published in: Social psychology quarterly
• Main Authors: Hoffman, Marion, Stadtfeld, Christoph, Elmer, Timon
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 24.09.2024
• Subjects: Economics and Finance; Humanities and Social Sciences; Face-to-face interaction; Social interaction; Social isolation; Relational event model; Social networks; Depression; Dyadic isolation
• ISSN: 0190-2725; 1939-8999; 1939-8999
• DOI: 10.1177/01902725241276407

Dyadic isolation is the tendency of some individuals to be involved in pairwise interactions rather than in larger group interactions. This article investigates the interpersonal processes associated with the dyadic isolation of individuals with depressive symptoms. We hypothesize that such individuals tend to initiate more and stay longer in dyadic interactions compared to group interactions (dyadic preference hypothesis) and that individuals—irrespective of their own level of depressive symptoms—tend to join and stay longer in interactions when interaction partners have lower levels of depressive symptoms (depression avoidance hypothesis). We analyze two data sets (N = 123) of face-to-face interaction events (N = 86,915) collected with proximity badges at a social event. Hypotheses are tested using a relational event model (DyNAM-i) specifically tailored for modeling group interactions. In line with the dyadic preference hypotheses, individuals with higher levels of depressive symptoms are found to be more likely to join and stay in dyadic interactions. Post hoc analyses reveal that this result only applies to female participants. We find limited support for the depression avoidance hypotheses.